| A | B |
|---|
| texture | size, shape and pattern of rock's grain |
| grain | small mineral particles |
| igneous rock | formed from magma or lava |
| sedimentary rock | the remains of rocks, plants or animals, pressed and cemented together |
| metamorphic rock | existing rock that has been changed by heat, pressure or a chemical reaction |
| extrusive rock | igneous rock formed from lava |
| basalt | most common of the extrusive rocks |
| intrusive rock | igneous rock formed from lava |
| granite | most common of the intrusive rocks |
| silica | a material formed from silicon and oxygen, present in most minerals |
| porphyritic texture | rock with large crystals scattered on top of much smaller crystals (like gelatin with pieces of fruit) |
| sediment | small, solid pieces of materials from rocks or living things |
| erosion | wearing away of a rock's surface due to wind or water |
| deposition | process of separating the sediment from the wind or water that carried it away |
| compaction | process of pressing down on sediment, squeezing it tightly it together |
| cementation | crystallization and "glueing" together of the sediment as it is compacted |
| clastic rock | sedimentary rock that has been squeezed together; shale, sandstone, conglomerate, and breccia |
| organic rock | sedimentary rock that fromed from once living things; coal, limestone |
| chemical rock | formed from crstallization of minerals; rock salt from halite, gypsum, limestone from calcite |
| coral reef | structure that is formed by coral animal skeletons that have grown together |
| atoll | a ring-shaped coral island on top of a volcano beneath the ocean's surface |
| foliated | metamorphic rock with grains arranged in parallel layers or bands; slate, gneiss, schist |
| rock cycle | the processes on a beneath Earth's surface (volcanic activity, heat & pressure, erosion, and melting) that change rocks from one kind(igneous, sedimentary, or metamorphic) to another |
