| A | B |
| Islam | a religion based on the messages that Muhammad is believed to have received from God |
| Muslim | a follower of Islam |
| Qur'an | the holy book of Islam |
| mosque | a building for Muslim prayer |
| jihad | to make all effort, or to struggle; has also been interpreted to mean holy war |
| Sunnah | a collection of writings about the way Muhammad lived that provides a model for Muslims to follow |
| Five Pillars of Islam | five acts of worship required of all Muslims |
| caliph | a title that Muslims use for the highest leader of Islam |
| tolerance | acceptance |
| Janissary | an Ottoman slave soldier |
| Sufism | a movement in Islam that taught people they can find God's love by having a personal relationship with God |
| minaret | a narrow tower from which Muslims are called to prayer |
| calligraphy | decorative writing |