| A | B |
|---|
| pharmacology | the study of drugs and their actions on living organisms |
| therapeutic methods | approach to drug therapy |
| drugs | chemical substances that have an effect on living organisms |
| medicines | therapeutic drugs used in the prevention or treatment of diseases |
| chemical name | most meaningful name to the chemist; tells the chemical make-up |
| generic name | common name; simpler |
| official name | name under which the drug is listed by the US FDA |
| trademark | also brand name or proprietary name; tells the at the name is registered |
| over-the-counter (OTC) drugs | sold (legally) without a prescription |
| prescription drugs | drugs that need a written request from the practitioner |
| illegal drugs | also called recreational; used for non-therapeutic purposes |
| United States Pharmacopeia (USP)/National Formulary (NF) | sets required standards for identity, quality, strength, and purity of drugs |
| Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act | authorizes the FDA to determine the safety of drugs before marketing; also ensures certain labeling and advertising standards are met |
| Controlled Substances Act | designed to improve the administration and regulation of manufacturing, distributing, and dispensing of drugs that have been found necessary to be controlled |
| schedules | classifications that tell the degree of control, conditions of record-keeping, the particular order forms required, and other regulations |
| preclinical research | phase that begins with discovery, synthesis, and purification of a new drug |
| clinical research | 3 phases of research of new drugs; may take 2-10 years |
| phase 1 | determines drug's pharmacological properties (pharmacokinetics, metabolism, safe dosage range, potential for toxicity and safe routes of administration; patients are volunteers with or without the disorder; 20-100 subjects for 4-6 weeks |
| phase 2 | smaller population of patients who have the disorder; determines the success rate of the drug |
| phase 3 | provides additional information on proper dosing and safety |
