| A | B |
|---|
| nucleus | an atoms' central region, which is made up of protons and neutrons |
| thylakoid | a membrane system found within chloroplasts that contains the components for photosynthesis |
| lysosome | a cell organelle that contains digestive enzymes and that buds from Golgi apparatus |
| chromosome | in a eukaryotic cell, one of the structures in the nucleus that are made up of DNA and protein |
| tissue | a collection of specialized cells and cell products tat perform a specific function |
| chloroplast | an organelle found in plant and algae cells where photosynthesis occurs |
| cytoskeleton | the cytoplasmic network of protein filaments and tubes that plays an essential role in cell movement, shape, and division |
| cell | the smallest unit that can perform all life processes |
| plastid | an organelle of plant cells that contains specific substances and performs specific functions for the cell |
| organ system | a group of organs that accomplish related tasks |
| cell theory | the theory that states that all living things are made up of one or more cells, that cells are the basic units of organisms, that each cell in a multicellular organism has a specific job, and that cells come only from existing cells |
| Golgi apparatus | system of flattened, membranous sacs |
| phospholipid bilayer | a double layer of phospholipids that makes up plasma and organelle membranes |
| organelle | one of the small bodies that are found in the cytoplasm of a cell and that are specialized to perform a specific function |
| cell wall | a rigid structure that surrounds the cell membrane and provides support to the cell |
| endoplasmic reticulum | a system of membranes that is found in a cell's cytoplasm and the assists in the production, processing, and transport of proteins and in the production of lipids |
| cytoplasm | the region of the cell within the membrane that includes the fluid, the cytoskeleton, and all of the organelles except the nucleus |
| nucleolus | the part of the eukaryotic nucleus where ribosomal RNA is synthesized |
| microfilament | a fiber found inside eukaryotic cells that is composed of the protein tubulin that are found in the cytoplasm of the eukaryotic cells |
| eukaryote | an organism made up of cells that have a nucleus enclosed by a membrane, multiple chromosomes, and a mitotic cycle |
| microtubule | one of the small tubular fibers composed of the protein tubulin that are found in the cytoplasm of the eukaryotic cells |
| cilium | a hairlike structure arranged in tightly packed rows that projects from the surface of some cells |
| cytosol | the soluble portion of the cytoplasm, which includes molecules and small particles, such as ribosomal, but not the organelles covered with membranes |
| flagellum | a long, hairlike structure that grows our of a cell and enables the cell to move |
| ribosome | a cell organelle composed of RNA and protein; the site of protein synthesis |
| centriole | an organelle that is composed of two short microtubules at right angles to each other and that has an active role in mitosis |
| chlorophyll | a green pigment that is present in most plant cells, that gives plants their characteristic green color, and that reacts with sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water to form carbohydrates |
| mitochondrion | in eukaryotic cells, the cell organelle that is surrounded by two membranes and that is the site of cellular resperiation, which produces ATP |
| prokaryote | a single-celled organism that has no nucleus and has no membrane bound organelles |
| nuclear envelope | the double membrane that surrounds the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell |
| plasma membrane | a cell membrane, the cell's outer boundary |
| organ | a collection of tissues that carry out a specialized function of the body |
| central vacuole | in some protists and in most plant cells, a large, fluid-filled organelle that stored water, enzymes, metabolic wastes, and other materials |
