| A | B |
| cultural diffusion | the process by which people adopt the practices of their neighbors |
| Renaissance | the revival of art, literature, and learning that took place in Europe during the fourteenth, fifteenth, and sixteenth centuries |
| Industrial Revolution | the shift from human power to machine power |
| summit | the highest point of a mountain or similar elevation |
| prevailing westerlies | the constant flow of air from west to east in the temperate zones of the earth |
| euro | the common currency used by member nations of the European Union |
| compulsory | required |
| the continent of Europe | a peninsula of peninsulas |