| A | B |
|---|
| Clovis | first Frankish king to accept Christianity |
| Pepin | Charles Martel's son who was the first Frankish king to be anointed |
| Charlemagne | a great king who brought all of Europe under his rule |
| serfs | miedeval poor people bound to the land |
| stockades | wooden fences surronding nobles homes |
| lords | miedeval nobles |
| Muslims | Arabs and Berbers who hoped to spread thier religon Islam everywhere |
| Charles Martel | the most powerful mayor who hoped to unite the Franks under his rule |
| Battle of Tours | a battle against the Muslims in 732 A.D. led by Charles Martel |
| Treaty of Verdun | the final division of Charlemagnes empire when Lothair,Louis, and Charles divided it among themselves |
| Alcuin | a scholar who started a school in Charlemagne's palace |
| anointed | blessed with holy oil |
| rotated | changed by turns |
| fallow | not planted |
| Saxons | a germanic people who lived in England and Germany and drove Charlemagne crazy! |
| Franks | a germanic people who lived in what is now france and Germany |
| Song of Roland | s French poem about a hero who died for Charlemagne |
| Mayor of the Palace | the most important official in the king's household |
| converted | changed religion |
