| A | B |
| savanna | grassy plain with irregular patterns of rainfall |
| desertification | process by which fertile or semidesert land becomes desert |
| surplus | extra or excess |
| commodity | valuable product |
| mansa | title for the king of Mali |
| nuclear family | family unit includes parents and children |
| Swahili | language that mixed Arabic words with African languages |
| Bantu | root language of the African people |
| matrilineal | family organization where kinship ties are traced through the mother |
| patrilineal | family organization where kinship ties are traced through the father |
| lineage | group claiming a common ancestor |