| A | B |
|---|
| agriculture | the raising of plants and animals for human use |
| irrigation | the watering of land by canals and pipes |
| delta | a very fertile, flat land made of silt left behind as a river drains into a larger body of water |
| desert | a hot, dry region covered by sand |
| Re | Egyptians believed him to be the sun god who gave life to earth |
| hieroglyphics | ancient Egyptian picture writing |
| Rosetta Stone | solved the riddle of hieroglyphics |
| scribes | males who kept written records of everything in ancient Egyptian life |
| papyrus | a reed plant that grows along the Nile River |
| felucca | Egyptian sailboat |
| pharaoh | all-powerful king of ancient Egypt |
| King Tut | only pharaoh of Egypt known to still rest in the Valley of the Kings |
| Menes | also known as Narmer; the first pharaoh of Egypt ; united Upper and Lower Egypt |
| pyramid | huge stone structure built by the ancient Egyptians to serve as a tomb |
| mummy | an ancient Egyptian body wrapped for preservation |
| canopic jars | jars that held the organs of mummies |
| sarcophagus | coffin Egyptians buried mummies in |
| sphinx | believed to have been used to guard the pyramids |
| cataract | steep rapids formed by cliffs and boulders in a river |
| dynasty | line of rulers from the same family |
| deity | god or goddesses |
| tribute | forced payments |
| incense | material burned for its pleasant smell |
| savanna | grassy plain |
| Sahara | the world's largest desert located in North Africa |
| Nile River | the world's longest river |
| Giza | site of the Great Pyramid |
| King Khufu | ancient Egyptian king for whom the Great Pyramid was built |
| Ahmose | drove Hyksos out of Egypt; reign began the New Kingdom |
| Thebes | Egypt's capital during the Middle Kingdom |
| Hatshepsut | first woman to rule Egypt; expanded Egypt's economy and rebuilt many of Egypt's great temples |
| Thutmose III | expanded Egypt's borders north to Euphrates River and Mesopotamia |
| Tutankhamen | King Tut; tomb was found in 1922 by Howard Carter |
| Ramses II | reigned for 66 years; constructed several new temples; famous for his temple built at Abu Simbel |
| Akhenaton | worshipped only one god; neglected his duties as pharaoh and lost most of the land |
