| A | B |
|---|
| Numbers added together | addends |
| Answer of numbers added | sum |
| Number being subtracted | subtrahend |
| The subtrahend is subtracted from the: | minuend |
| Numbers that are multiplied | factors |
| Answer of numbers multiplied | product |
| Number being divided | dividend |
| The dividend is divided by the: | divsor |
| The amount of the dividend that is left undivided: | remainder |
| Order of Operations | parentheses, multiplication, division, addition, subtraction |
| Commutative Principle (Addition/Multiplication) | The order of the addendends/factors may be changed without changing the sum/product. |
| Associative Principle (Addition/Multiplication) | The addendends/factors may be regrouped withou changing the sum/factor. |
| Identity Number Principles | The identity number for addition is zero because zero plus any number is the number. The identity number for multiplication is one. (any number times one is that number). |
| Roman Numberal I | 1 |
| Roman Numeral X | 10 |
| Roman Numeral C | 100 |
| Roman Numeral V | 5 |
| Roman Numeral L | 50 |
| Roman Numeral D | 500 |
| Ruman Numeral M | 1,000 |
| Roman Numeral: numeral is repeated, its value is repeated | CC = 100 + 100 = 200 |
| Roman Numeral: small numeral is placed before a larger number it is subtracted | XL = 50 - 10 = 40 |
| Roman Numeral: More than one numeral is not subjected. | VIII = 8, not IIX = 8 |
| Roman Numeral: When a dash is placed over a Roman Numeral, the valued is increasted by: | 5,000 |
| Prime Number | has no factors except 1 and itself |
| Composite Number | has other factors besides 1 and itself |
| All Whole numbers except WHAT are either prime or composite | 1 |
| The number ? is neither prime nor composite | 1 |
| Common Factor | factor that is shared by two or more numbers |
| Greatest Common Factor (gcf) | is the greatest factor any two or more numbers share. |
| The number ? is the only even number that is prime. | 2 |
| Fraction | part of a whole object or collection of objects |
| Rule: Addition of Fractions - Fractions must have a common denominator before they can be added | to add fractions having a common denomonator, keep the common denominator and add the numerator. |
| Rule: Multipplication of Fractions | multiply the numerators together for the product numerator and the denominators together for the product denominator |
| Cancellation | process of used in simplifying fractions before multiplication |
| Complex Fraction | is a fraction that has a fraction or mixed number for the numerator, or denominator or both. |
| Decimals | is another way of writing a fraction |
| tenths - one tenth | .1 |
| hundredths - one hundredth | .01 |
| Adding/Subtracting Decimals | keep the decimals lined up |
| Power of 10 is found by - | multiplying 10 by itself a certain number of times. |
| Terminating Decimal | a fraction that divides out evenly |
| Repeating Decimal | does divide evenly, but has a pattern of repeating numbers |
| Nonrepeating Decimal | a fraction that does not come out even and does not have a pattern of repeating numbers |
| Ratio | compares two numbers or quantities by using division |
| Antecedent | first term in a ratio |
| Consequent | the second term in a ratio |
| Proportion | two equivalent ratios joined by an equal sign (2/5=4/10) |
| Write Decimal as a Percent | move the decimal point two places to the right and add the percent symbol |
| Percentage | part of a number given in one-hundredths |
| Change Fraction of Percent to a Decimal: | write the fraction as a decimal and change the percent to a decimal by moving the decimal point two places to the left and dropping the percent sign. |
| Change a Percent greater than 100% to a decimal - | move the decimal point two places to the left as usual. |
| When a percent is given as MORE THAN, | add that percent to 100% before find the percentage of a number |
| When a percent is given as LESS THAN, | subtract that percent from 100% before finding the percentage of a number |
| To change a DECIMAL to a PERCENT, | move the decimal point two places to the right and place the percent sign to the right of the number |
| Find PERCENT of INCREASE, | find the amount of the increase and then find what percent this increase is of the original number. (The original number is ALWAYS the denominator.) |
| Find PERCENT of DECREASE, | find the amount of decrease and the find what percent the decrease is of the original number. (The original number is ALWAYS the denominator.) |
| Finding the NUMBER when a PERCENT is given, | Change the percent to a decimal and then divide the percentage by the decimal |
| Discount | is a reduction in the LIST PRICE (regular price) of an item or service. |
| Rate of Discount | is the percent of discount |
| Find the SALE PRICE, | subtract the amount from of discount from the list price |
| Commission | is a percentage of money a salesclerk receives from a sale. |
| Rate of Commission | is found by finding what percent the commission is of the sale |
| Sale | is found by finding the number (amount of sales) when the percent (rate) adn percentage (percent) are known. |
| PROFIT and LOSS | terms used to show a gain or loss in a business transaction. |
| Cost | price paid for an item |
| selling price | price received for an item |
| Gross Profit | is the excess of the selling price over the cost |
| Net Profit | is the excess of the selling price over the cost plus overhead. |
| Overhead | includes such things as rent, utilities, salaries, and advertising |
| Loss | is the excess of the cost plus overhead over the selling price |
| GROSS PROFIT (equation) | selling price - cost |
| NET PROFIT (equation) | selling price - (cost + overhead) |
| LOSS (equation) | (cost + overhead) - selling price |
| Finding the PERCENT OF PROFIT or LOSS based on the Cost | divide the net profit by the cost and write quotient as percent to the nearest whole percent |
| PERCENT of PROFIT (equation) | net profit/cost |
| Finding the PERCENT OF PROFIT or LOSS based on the Selling Price | divide the net profit by the selling price and write the quotient as a percent to the nearest whole percent |
| PERCENT OF PROFIT (selling price - equation) | percent of profit = net profit/selling price |
| NET PROFIT (based on selling price - equation) | net profit = selling price - (cost + overhead) |
| PERCENT of PROFIT (based on selling price - equation) | percent of profit = net profit/selling price |
| PERCENT of LOSS (based on selling price - equation) | loss = (cost + overhead) - selling price |
