| A | B |
|---|
| Carbohydrates -other info | 1. complex carbs are the healthiest; 2. white/refined carbs are the worst to eat; 3. made from carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen; 4. starch is insoluble in water; 5. cellulose is not digested by humans- herbivores have an enzyme to break it down |
| Lipids- other info | 1. not soluble in H2O; 2. made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen; 3. Do not contain ring structures (fats); 4. fats and oils are used for long term energy storage- high concentratin of energy storage; 5. steroids consist of 4C-rings fused with functional group-ex: cholesterol |
| Proteins-other info | 1. 8 of 20 amino acids are considered "essential"; 2. cannot be synthesized, must be obtained from food; 3. structural material for humans (just like cellulose); 4. long polypeptide chains can join together (up to 4) |
| Nucleic acids- other info | DNA is an informational molecule-the info is encoded in the sequences of bases carried in chains |
| Carbohydrate function | 1. store energy; 2. provide energy; 3. structure of cells/tissues; 4. source of carbon |
| Lipids function | 1. store energy; 2. make up biological membranes; 3. chemical messangers (steroids); 4. waterproof coverings |
| Proteins function | 1. structural support; 2. protection; 3. catalysis; 4. transport; 5. defense; 6. regulation |
| Nucleic Acids function | 1. storage of info; 2. transmission of info; 3. use of info |
| Carbohydrate example | starch-storage; glycogen; cellulose-strength |
| Lipids example | fats, oils waxes; oil can be converted to fat; wax is a chemical similar to fat, but not digested by humans |
| Nucleic acids example | DNA & RNA |
| Carbohydrates-foods | simple (table sugar, fruit, dairy); complex (vegetables, pasta, bread) |
| Lipids- foods | saturated (solid at room temperature; beef fat) unsaturated (liquid; french fry oil) |
| Proteins- foods | beef, chicken, pork, eggs, beans, nuts, milk, cheese, peanut butter |
| Nucleic acids-foods | X |
| Proteins- example | hemoglobin, muscles (myosin), cytochrome (enzyme for cell respiration), hexokindse (enzyme for glycolysis) |
