| A | B |
|---|
| Sigmund Freud | founder of Psychoanalysis |
| psychotherapy | an emotionally-charged, confiding interaction between a trained therapist and someone who suffers from psychological difficulties |
| electic approach | an approach to psychotherapy that, depending on the person's problems, uses techniques from various forms of therapy |
| psychoanalysis | Freud's theory of personality and therapeutic technique that attributes our thoughts and actions to unconscious motives and conflicts |
| resistance | the blocking from consciousness of anxiety-laden material |
| interpretation | the analyst's noting of supposed dream meanings, resistances, and other significant behaviors in order to promote insight |
| transference | the patient's transfer to the analyst of emotions linked with other relationships |
| Carl Rogers | humanistic psychologist who developed client-centered therapy |
| client-centered therapy | humanistic therapy in which the therapist uses techniques such as active listening, within a genuine, accepting, empathic environment to facilitate the client's growth |
| active listening | empathic listening in which the listener echoes, restates, and clarifies |
| behavior therapy | therapy that applies learning principles to the elimination of unwanted behaviors |
| counterconditioning | behavior therapy technique that teaches us to associate new responses to places or things that have in the past triggered unwanted behaviors. |
| systematic desensitization | a type of counterconditioning that associates a pleasant relaxed state with gradually increasing anxiety-triggering stimuli |
| aversive conditioning | a type of counterconditioning that associates an unpleasant state with an unwanted behavior |
| token economy | an operant conditioning procedure that attempts to modify behavior by giving rewards for desired behaviors |
| cognitive therapy | therapy that teaches people new, more adaptive ways of thinking and acting; based on the assumption that thoughts intervene between events and our emotional reactions |
| cognitive-behavior therapy | an integrated therapy that combines cognitive therapy with behavior therapy |
| family therapy | therapy that treats the family as a system. Views an individual's unwanted behaviors as influenced by or directed at other members of the family; attempts to guide the family toward positive relationships and improved communication |
| seasonal affective disorder | depression which seems to result from the decreased amount of sunlight during the winter months |
