| A | B |
|---|
| active transport: | The movement of a substance through a biological membrane against a concentration gradient |
| alveoli: | air sacs in the lung |
| bronchial tree: | is the intricate network of air passages that supply the lungs. |
| concentration gradient | A difference in the concentration of the substance over a distance |
| diffusion: | : The movement of a substance down its concentration gradient from a more concentrated area to a less concentrated area |
| equilibrium: | a state of equilibrium |
| exocytosis: | The process of moving macromolecules out of a using the fusion of vesicles with plasma membrane |
| endocytosis: | Process of moving material into a cell using a vesicle |
| facilitated diffusion: | moves material from high to low concentration using carrier or transport proteins |
| glycolipid: | a lipid covalently linked to a sugar of polysaccharide |
| glycoprotein: | a protein linked to a sugar or polysaccharide |
| hydrophobic: | doesn’t like water |
| hydrophilic: | like water |
| hypertonic: | Solution with the more dissolved substances than a cell causing the cell to shrink as it loses water |
| hypotonic: | Solution with the less dissolved substances than a cell, causes cell to swell as it gains water |
| isotonic: | Solution with the same amount of dissolved substances as a cell |
| phospholipid bilayer: | part of the plasma membrane of a cell |
| osmosis: | The diffusion of water through a semipermeable membrane from a lower concentration of solutes to a higher concentration of solutes |
| passive transport: | Movement of materials across a cell membrane without using energy. The movement is with the concentration gradient (from high to low). |
| solute: | The solid that gets dissolved in a solution. |
| Solvent: | A substance that dissolves other substances, thus forming a solution |
| Trachea: | A tube that carries air to the lungs |
| turgor pressure: | a cells swelling against its cell wall caused by the pressure of the cell’s contents |
| ureter: | a muscular tube that carries urine from the kidney to the urinary bladder |
| urethra: | the tube from which urine travels from the bladder to outside the body |
