| A | B |
|---|
| The Articles of Confederation and Perpetual Union | Plan for a loose union of states under the authority of congress establishing a weak central government |
| Northwest Territory | The land north of the Ohio River and east of the Mississippi |
| Northwest Ordinance | Guaranteed certain rights to those living in the territory: freedom of religion, property rights, right to trial by jury and the prohibition of slavery |
| Daniel Shays | A former captain in the Continental Army, now a bankrupt farmer lead rebellion |
| Shays Rebellion | Started in MA when govt refused to reissue paper money for poor farmers to pay off debts |
| James Madison | Member of VA assembly, Head of Commerce Committee, believed in Federalism, nationalist |
| John Adams | prominent nationalist |
| Alexander Hamilton | prominent nationalist, recommended that the congress call another meeting (in Philly) |
| Constitutional Convention | Constitutional Convention |
| Virginia Plan | proposed scrapping the Articles of Confederation and create a strong national govt with powers to create laws and tax |
| New Jersey Plan | Modified the Articles of Confederation making central govt stronger with equal representation |
| The Great Compromise | proposed that House of Reps would have proportional representation and the Senate would have equal representation |
| Three-fifths Compromise | every 5 slaves count as three people when determining population and taxes |
| Federalism | Political system in which power is split between national and state govts. (States can't print $) |
| Faction | a group a people that believe differently from others |
| Democracy | a political system in which the supreme power lies in a body of citizens who can elect people to represent them |
| Republic | a system of limited govt where people are the final authority |
| Tyranny of the Majority | The phrase tyranny of the majority, used in discussing systems of democracy and majority rule, is a criticism of the scenario in which decisions made by a majority under that system would place that majority's interests so far above a minority's interest |
| Antifederalists | Support strong states' rights, oppose the constitution |
| Federalist | support the constitution |
| John Hancock | prominent antifederalist |
| Patrick Henry | President of the Continental Congress, First to sign the constitution, prominent antifederalist |
| Ratification | making something formal by approving and adopting it |
| John Jay | Federalist, wrote essay in The Federalist - a book |
| Constitution | The principles of the country's laws and government |
| Legislative Branch | The branch of govt that makes the laws |
| Senate | A house in the legislative branch that equally represents each state, can approve presidential appts, ratify treaties, try president after impeachment |
| Senators | members serve 6yrs, must at least 30, citizen for 9 years, resident in state |
| House of Representatives | A house in the legislative branch that proportionately represents each state, can propose tax laws, impreach president |
| Congressmen | Serve 2yrs, must be at least 25, citizen for 7, resident in state |
| Senate and House together | propose laws, declare war, override president's veto with 2/3 vote and ammend constitution with 2/3 vote |
| Proportional Representation | Number of representatives relative to the size of population |
| Equal Representation | Same number of representatives regardless of population |
| Elastic Clause | Allows Congress to expand powers of federal govt |
| Supremacy Clause | All of govt must obey the law |
| Executive Branch | Executive Branch |
| Veto | Veto |
| Impeachment | Impeachment |
| Judicial Branch | Judicial Branch |
| Due Process | the govt must follow all procedures established by law and guaranteed by the constituion treating all people equally |
| Judicial Review | supreme court has the ultimate authority on the constitutionality of laws |
| Checks and Balances | Checks and Balances |
| Separation of Power | Separation of Power |
| Bill of Rights | Bill of Rights |
| Amendment | Amendment |
| How Bill Becomes a Law | How Bill Becomes a Law |
