| A | B |
|---|
| Italy | boot shaped peninsula extending from southern Europe into the Mediterranean Sea |
| Apennine Mountains | mountain range dividing Italy into east and west |
| Tiber River | Rome was founded along the banks of this river |
| Aeneas | Trojan prince and ancestor of Romulus and Remus |
| Romulus and Remus | abandoned twin brothers raised by a she wolf |
| Romulus | legendary founder of Rome |
| Remus | killed by brother in fight over who should rule new city |
| Latins | group from the Balkan Peninsula who settled on Palatine Hill, ancestors of Romans |
| Etruscans | Italy's first highly civilized people |
| People of the Sea | Etruscans |
| lyre | stringed instrument used to accompany Etruscan activities |
| social order | method of grouping classes of people |
| upper class | wealthy landowners, nobles, priests |
| middle class | farmers, traders, city workers |
| lower class | enslaved people |
| center of Etruscan universe | where humans lived |
| Gods of nature and earth | lived in southern part of Etruscan universe |
| Gods of death and underworld | lived in western part of Etruscan universe |
| Gods of the heavens | lived in eastern part of Etruscan universe |
| soothsayers | people who can predict future events |
| omens | signs of future events |
| catacombs | underground burial tombs |
| necropolis | Etruscan cemetary of huge earthen dome |
| tombs of gold | Etruscan burial chambers filled with gold, silver, ivory and bronze |
| forum | public square |
| gladitorial games | fights to the death between involving men, women, dwarfs and animals |
| triumph | parade-like welcome honoring a returning Roman war hero |
| fasces | bundle of rods bound around an ax and symbol of Roman authority |
| municipal | relating to a city |
| mundus | meeting point for the worlds of the living and the dead |
| political map | map showing political boundaries, countries and capital cities |
| Etruria | area inhabited by the Etruscans and located north of Rome |
| Adriatic Sea | body of water located east of the Italian peninsula |
| Tyrrhenian Sea | body of water located southwest of the Italian peninsula |
| Sicily | island off the southwestern tip of the Italian peninsula |
| Corsica | island off the west coast of Etruria |
| Sardinia | island off the west coast of the Italian peninsula south of Corsica |
| Tinia | Ruler of the heavens and other Etruscan gods |
| Uni | Tinia's wife and goddess of love |
| Minerva | goddess of wisdom and the arts |
| Isis | a favorite Roman goddess borrowed from the Egyptians |
| Lucius Tarquinius | first Etruscan ruler of Rome |
