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Competencies and Essential Elements

Research has identified five competency areas that
youth must master for positive development and
preparation for adulthood.

The overall goals of the 4-H Youth Development
Program can be illustrated and defined through the
four Essential Elements representing the four H’s—
head, heart, hands and health and the basic needs
and competencies of youth. It is based on research
finding of these four types of needs (Kress, 2003)

AB
Health/physical competenceAppropriate knowledge, attitudes and behaviors that will ensure current and future health
Personal/social competenceAbility to understand ones emotions and practice self discipline
Knowledge, reasoning and creativity competenceLife long learning skills, and an ability to appreciate good imagination
Vocational CompetenceUnderstanding and awareness of life options and the steps necessary to accomplish them
Citizenship competencyDesire to be ethical and to be involved in contributing to the broader good
BelongingTo know they are cared about by others
MasteryTo feel and believe they are capable and successful
IndependenceTo know they are able to influence people and events
GenerosityTo practice helping others through their own giving
4H creates opportunites for young people toBuild skills, exercise leadership, form relationships


Regional Specialized 4-H Agent
University of Florida 4-H
FL

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