| A | B |
|---|
cinder cone,  | pointy volcano made from stacked cinders |
crater,  | deep impression at the opening of the volcano vent; often filled with water |
| extinct | type of volcano that no longer erupts; essentially it is dead |
| dormant | type of volcano that is "asleep" |
| active | type of volcano that is currently erupting, steaming, shaking, etc. |
lava,  | What molten magma is called once it reaches earth's surface |
magma,  | What hot, liquid, molten rock is called beneath the surface of the earth |
shield volcano,  | nearly flat, squatty volcano formed by very liquid eruptions |
stratovolcano,  | large, powerful volcano formed by both cinders and oozy, liquid lava; very explosive volcano type |
vent,  | The tube through which lava reaches the surface |
Volcanic Ash,  | white or gray flaky material which sifts down to earth after a volcanic eruption |
Ring of Fire,  | (sort of) ring liked area with many volcanoes and earthquake epicenters all around the Pacific at plate boundaries |
Fissure,  | deep vertical cracks that form near where plates collide |
mid-ocean ridge,  | underwater mountain chain formed at a divergent underwater boundary |
Iceland,  | country which is being "torn apart" or at least stretched by a divergent boundary |
| caldera | A "bowl" around the opening of a volcano. Often has a rock "stopper" that floats up and down as the lava in the vent rises and falls. |
Pele's Tears,  | small pieces of mafic glass that solidify so quickly that they remain in the tear shape of the "drop" of lava |
trenches,  | deep canyons under the ocean's waters that run along convergent boundaries |
Hot spot,  | volcanically active place that is NOT on a plate boundary |
Mantle plume,  | column of hot rock that rises through the mantle |
rift zone,  | area with deep cracks and fissures around a divergent boundary |
| mafic rock | rock such as these basalt columns made from dark colored, runny mantle rock, rich in magnesium and iron |
| sea-floor spreading | the process by which new rock is added to the ocean floor near mid-ocean ridges |
Blocky lava,  | thick, stiff lava that oozes slowly out of a volcano, forming chunky "blocks" |
Aa,  | lava that forms a thick, brittle crust as liquid molten lava streams underneath |
pahoehoe,  | lava that forms a thin crust and wrinkles as the molten lava flows underneath |
Cool temperatures,  | When a volcano explodes, this happens to temperatures |
geothermal energy,  | electricity generated from the heat of the earth |
lapilli,  | pebble like bits fo magma that harden before they hit they ground |
 | an example of a product made from volcanic materials |
Mt. Shasta,  | an example of a stratovolcano, found in California |
pyroclastic material,  | particles of lava that form when magma explodes from a volcano and harden before hitting the ground |
snow monkeys,  | animals that use geothermal energy to thrive in a cold environment |
volcanic blocks,  | large angular pieces of solid rock that erupt from a volcano |
volcanic blobs,  | large blobs of magma that harden in the air |
volcanic soil,  | very fertile soil found near volcanoes |
