| A | B |
|---|
| Genes | Genes are DNA segments. |
| Homologous Chromosomes | The chromosomes that make up a pair, one chromosome from each parent. |
| Gametes | Gametes are sex cells that have half the number of chromosomes-the female gamete is the "egg" and the male gamete is the "sperm".. |
| Haploid | A haploid is a cell with n-number of chromosomes. |
| Fertilization | Fertilization is the process by which one haploid gamete combines with another haploid gamete (example: the "egg" combines with the "sperm"). |
| Diploid | A diploid is a cell that contains 2n number of chromosomes. |
| Meiosis | Meiosis is a reduction division process, occuring only in reproductive cells, in which one diploid cell produces four(4) that are not genetically identical. |
| Crossing over | Crossing over is a process in which chromosomal segments are exchanged between a pair of homologous chromosomes. |
| Genetics | Genetics is the science of heredity. |
| Allele | An "allele" is defined as an alternative form of a single gene passed from generation to generation. |
| Dominant | Dominant is Mendal's name for a specific traits that appears in the F! generation. |
| Recessive | Recessive is Mendal's name for a specific trait hidden or masked in the F! generation. |
| Homozygous | Homozygous is an organism with two of the same alleles for a particular trait. |
| Heterozygous | Heterozygous is an organism with two different alleles. |
| Genotype | Genotype is an organism "allele pairs". |
| Phenotype | Phenotype is the outward expression of an "allele pair". |
| What does the "Law of Segregation state"? | "The Law of Segregation" states that two alleles for each trait seperate during Meiosis. |
| Hybrids | Hybrids are organisms "heterozygous" for a specific trait. |
| What is the "Law of Independent Assortment" state? | "The Law of Independent Assortment" states that a random distribution of alleles occurs during gamete fromation. |
