| A | B |
|---|
| Sir Isaac Newton | Laws of Motion and Gravity |
| Heliocentric Theory | Sun is center of the solar system |
| Johannes Kepler | Law of Planetary Motion |
| Scientific Revolution | Era of reason and systematic observation |
| Catholic Church | opposed most scientific discoveries |
| Galileo Galilei | Italian who used telescope to study sun and planets |
| William Harvey | Circulation of the blood |
| Peter the Great | czar who modernized Russia |
| Louis XIV | He was "the state" from France |
| Age of Absolutism | Era when government power was held by ONE |
| Divine Right of Kings | Authority to rule comes from GOD |
| Absolute rulers in Europe | Louis XIV, Frederick the Great, Peter the Great |
| Frederick the Great | King of Prussia |
| Under him Versailles became a symbol of royal power | Louis XIV |
| English Bill of Rights (1689) | limited power and ended absolutism |
| Glorious Revolution | William and Mary take the throne with parliament consent |
| Oliver Cromwell | Lord Protector and military dictator in England |
| Roundheads | supporters of Parliament in English Civil War |
| Thomas Hobbes | Liked absolute monarchy |
| John Locke | Life, liberty and property |
| Jean-Jacques Rousseau | wrote THE SOCIAL CONTRACT |
| Baron de Montesquie | Government powers should be separated |
| Miguel de Cervantes | Don Quixote |
| Art of the Enlightenment was about... | public events, portraits, landscapes |
| Voltaire | French philosopher, right to speech |
| Enlightenment | Age of Reason, ideas started the French Revolution |
| Johann Sebastian Bach | German musician, baroque style, played organ |
| Eugene Delacroix | dramatic Enlightenment painter |
| Third Estate | Peasants in France |
| Bourgeoisie | middle class in France |
| French Independence Day | Celebrates the storming of the Bastille |
| Napoleon | Led a coup d'etat against French Directory |
| Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette | Monarchs at the start of the French Revolution |
| American and French Revolutions | both started world-wide revolutions |
| Simon Bolivar | South American revolutionary leader |
| Toussaint L'Ouverture | Haitian slave who led a revolution against France |
| Robespierre | Led Jacobins and crushed opposition to his revolution (France) |
| result of French Revolution | End of absolutism in France with beheading of Louis XVI |
| Second Estate | nobles |
| Fall of Bastille | Showed popular support for Revolution in France |
| Jacobins | In power during Reign of Terror |
