| A | B |
|---|
| program | a set of instructions that you write to tell a computer what to do |
| Machine language | the most basic circuitry-level language |
| high-level programming language | allows you to use a vocabulary of reasonable terms, e.g. "read", "write", etc. |
| syntax | a languages set of rules |
| compiler | a computer program that translates high-level language statements into machine code |
| logic | involves executing the various statements and procedures in the correct order to produce the desired results |
| semantic errors | logical errors that occur when you use a correct word in the wrong context |
| debugging | the process of removing all syntax and logical errors from the program |
| procedural program | created by writing a series of steps or operations to manipulate values |
| variables | named computer memory locations that hold values that might vary |
| identifier | the name of a program component such as a variable, class, or method |
| camel casing | style of creating identifiers in which the first letter is not capitalized, but each new word is |
| Pascal casing | style of creating identifiers in which the first letter of all new words in a variable name, even the first one , is capitalized |
| procedures or methods | compartmentalized program units that accomplish tasks |
| calls or invokes | summons a procedures |
| object-oriented programming | a programming technique that features objects, classes, encapsulation, interfaces, polymorphism, and inheritance |
| objects | program elements that are instances of a class |
| command line | the line on which you type a command in a system that uses a text interface |
| command prompt | a request for input that appears at the beginning of the command line |
| attributes | represents an objects characteristics |
| states | the values of an objects attributes |
| properties | an objects values |
| state of an object | the collective value of all of an objects attributes at any point in time |
| class | a category of objects or a type of object |
| instance | the object of a class |
| encapsulation | the technique of packaging an object's attributes and methods into a cohesive unit that can be used as an undivided entity |
| black box | a device you use without regard for the internal mechanisms |
| interface | the interaction between a method and an object |
| polymorphism | the ability to create methods that act appropriately depending on the context |
| inheritance | the ability to extend a class so as to create a more specific class that contains all the attributes and methods of a more general class; the extended class usually contains new attributes or methods as well |
| C# | developed as an object-oriented and component-oriented language; exists as part of Visual Studio 2005, a package used for developing applications for the Windows family of operating systems |
| primitive data | simple data, such as a number |
| literal string | a series of characters that is used exactly as entered |
| argument or parameter | represents information that a method needs to perform its task; one is the expression used when you call a method; the other is an object or reference that is declared in a method definition -- where the method instructions are written |
| WriteLine() method | displays a line of output on the screen positions the cursor on the next line, and waits for additional output |
| Write() method | displays a line of output on the screen, but the cursor does not advance to a new line; it remains on the same line as the output |
| namespace | a scheme that provides a way to group similar classes |
| System namespace | is built into your C# compiler, holds commonly used classes |
| method header | includes the method name and information about what will pass into and be returned from a method |
| method body | is contained within a pair of curly braces and includes all the instructions executed by the method |
| whitespace | any combination of spaces, tabs, and carriage returns (blank lines); used to organize your program code and make it easier to read |
| keywords | predefined and reserved identifiers that have special meaning to the compiler |
| access modifier | defines the circumstances under which a method or class can be accessed; "public" is the most liberal type of access |
| public | an access modifier that indicates other classes may use the method |
| private | an access modifier that indicates other classes may not use the method |
| static | indicates that a method will be executed through a class and not by an object |
| void | indicates that the method does not return any value when called |
| verbatim identifier | has a @ prefix |
| program comments | nonexecuting statements that you add to document a program |
| comment out | the turning of a program statement into a comment so that the compiler will not execute its command |
| line comments | start with two forward slashes (//) and continue to the end of he cureent line; can appear on a line by themselves, or at the end of a line following executable code |
| block comments | start with a forward slash and an asterisk(/*) and end with an asterisk and a forward slash (*/); can appear on a line by themselves, on a line before executable code, or after executable code; can also extend across as many lines as needed |
| XML-documentation format comments | use a special set of tags within angle brackets to create documentation from within a program |
| using clause or using directive | used with a namespace |
| alias | an alternative name for a class |
| source code | the statements you write when you create a program |
| intermediate language (IL) | language into which source code statements are compiled |
| just in time (JIT) | a compiler which translates intermediate code into executable statements |
| string | a data type that can hold a series of characters |
