| A | B |
|---|
| What were 4 causes of WWI? | militarism, nationalism, desire for territory, alliances |
| militarism | stockpiling weapons and pro-war attitudes |
| nationalism | extreme pride in your people, culture, language, government, history |
| Triple Alliance | (before war) Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy |
| Triple Entente | (before war) Britain, France, Russia |
| Kaiser Wilhelm | unstable emperor of Germany; misformed arm |
| Franz Josef | Emperor of Austria-Hungary |
| Franz Ferdinand | archduke (future King) of Austria-Hungary; assassinated |
| Serbs | religion: Greek Orthodox |
| defender of Serbian peoples | Russia |
| Croates | religion: Catholic |
| Bosnians | religion: Islam (they were Muslims) |
| Slovens | religion: Catholic |
| spark which began the war | assassination of Franz Ferdinand 7 wife, Sophie |
| Gavrilo Princips | 19-year old assassin |
| Black Hand | terrorist group of Serbs |
| domino theory | used to refer to the way nations "fell" into this war |
| 22 million | dead at end of war |
| trench warfare | provided greatest protection from new weapons |
| submarines | u-boats (German weapon) |
| new diseases of WWI | trench mouth, trench foot, shell shock |
| tanks | new weapon (British); not effective in WWI |
| chlorine | poison gas |
| Woodrow Wilson | US President; author of Fourteen Points |
| Fourteen Points | plan to end WWI with dignity for all nations involved; failed |
| self-determination | allowing nations to choose own government |
| Nicholas II | Russian Czar; Romanov family; assassinated |
| Rasputin | Russian holy man; quack; hard to kill |
| "no man's land" | area between enemy trenches; mined; barbed wire |
| Versailles | site of peace treaty |
| reparations | payments (land, money) by losing nations to winners after war |
| Allied nations | England, France, Russia, Serbia, Belgium, Netherlands, USA (eventually) |
| Russia | withdrew from war in 1917 because of unrest at home |
| Lenin | heart of Russian communism; 1st communist leader of USSR |
| Trotsky | head of Russian communism |
| Stalin | fist of Russian communism |
| USSR | Union of Soviet Socialist Republics - Russia's name after WWI |
| Central Powers | Germany, Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria, Turkey |
| machine guns | allowed maximum fire power in a short time |
| underwater mines | British weapon used against submarines |
| conscription | nicknamed "the draft"; requiring citizens to serve in military in time of war |
| Balance of Power | European theory of a way to maintain peace; did not work |
| stalemate | refers to continued fighting in trenches; no real change of land; boring |
| rats | trench "pets" |
| nation which loses war | generally loses land, people, resources, money |
| Anastasia | Russian princess; died during Russian Revolution |
