| A | B |
|---|
| multiple alleles | three or more forms of a gene that code for a single trait |
| sex-linked gene | a gene that carried on the X or Y chromosome |
| carrier | person who has one recessive allele for a trait and one dominant allele, but does not have the trait |
| pedigree | a chart that tracks which members of a family have a particular trait |
| genetic disorder | an abnormal condition that a person inherits through genes or chromosomes |
| amniocentesis | a technique b which a small amount of the fluid that surrounds a developing baby is removed |
| karyotype | a picture of all the chromosomes in a cell arranged in pairs |
| selective breeding | the process of selecting a few organisms with desired traits to serve as parents of the next generation |
| inbreeding | a selective breeding method in which two individuals with identical or similar sets of alleles are crossed |
| hybridization | a selective breeding method in which two genetically different individuals are crossed |
| clone | an organism that is genetically identical to the organism from which it was produced |
| genetic engineering | the transfer of a gene from the DNA of one organism into another |
| gene therapy | the insertion of working copies of a gene into the cells of a person with a genetic disorder |
| genome | all of the DNA in one cell |
| recombinant DNA | DNA genetically engineered by combining a piece of one organism's DNA with another organism's DNA |
| bacteria | the DNA from this organism is most often used when making recombinant dna |
| Human Genome Project | World wide project that found the structure of the 30,000 or so human genes; now trying to find what they do |
| dolly | the first cloned animal from an adult cell (a sheep) |
| vector | what is used to transport the genes to a cell; often a virus that has been genetically altered |
| vaccine | a solution of altered viruses given to a person so their body will form antibodies to fight the real virus if they come in contact with it later |
