| A | B |
|---|
| LEFT TO RIGHT SHUNT | BLOOD SHUNTED FROM AREA OF HIGH PRESSURE(LEFT SIDE) TO AN AREA OF LOWER PRESSURE (RIGHT SIDE) |
| RESULTS OF LEFT TO RIGHT SHUNTS | ACYANOTIC DEFECT, INCREASED PULMONARY WORKLOAD, CHF |
| PATENT DUCTUS ARTERIOSUS (PDA) | FAILURE OF CLOSURE ALLOWSBLOOD TO SHUNT FROM THE HIGH PRESSURE AORTA TO THE LOWER PRESSURE PULMONARY ARTERY |
| ATRIAL SEPTAL DEFECT | ENABLES BLOOD TO FLOW FROM THE HIGH PRESSURE LEFT ATRIUM TO THE LOW PRESSURE RIGHT ATRIUM |
| VENTRICULAR SEPTAL DEFECT | ABNORMAL OPENING IN THE INTERVENTRICULAR SEPTUM, RESULTING IN THE FLOW OF BLOOD FROM THE HIGH PRESSURE LEFT VENTRICLE TO THE LOW PRESSURE RIGHT VENTRICLE |
| COARCTATION OF THE AORTA ( COA) | NARROWING OF THE LUMEN OF THE AORTA, RESULTING IN INCREASED PRESSURE PROXIMAL TO THE DEFECT AND DECREASED PRESSURE DISTAL TO THE DEFECT |
| FOUR DEFECTS OF TETRALOGY OF FALLOT (TOF) | 1.PULMONARY STENOSIS 2.VENTRICULAR SEPTAL DEFECT 3.RIGHT VENTRICULAR HYPERTROPHY 4. OVERRIDING AORTA |
| TRANSPOSITION OF THE GREAT ARTERIES | PULMONARY ARTERY ARISES FROM THE LEFT VENTRICLE, AND THE AORTA ARISES FROM THE RIGHT VENTRICLE |
| BLOOD ALWAYS FLOWS FROM | HIGH PRESSURE TO LOW PRESSURE |
| SICKLE CELL ANEMIA | ABNORMAL FORM OF HEMOGLOBIN WITH THE ERYTHROCYTE |
| VASOOCCLUSIVE CRISIS | OBSTRUCTION OF THE SMLL BLOOD VESSELS OF THE HANDS AND FEET RESULTING IN EDEMA, IMPAIRED RANGE OF MOTION AND PAIN |
| MEDICAL MANAGEMENT VASOOCCLUSIVE CRISIS | PALLIATIVE-ANALGESICS, HYDRATION, OXYGEN |
| SEQUESTRATION CRISIS | BLOOD POOLS IN THE SPLEEN AND LIVER RESULTING IN HEPATOSPLENOMAGALY; CAN PRODUCE CARDIOVASCULAR COLLAPSE AND DEATH |
| MEDICAL MANAGEMENT SEQUESTRATION CRISIS | ANALGESICS, VOLUME EXPANDERS, TRANSFUSIONS, SPLENECTOMY |
| APLASTIC CRISIS | CAUSED BY PREMATURE DESTRUCTION OF ERYTHROCYTES, RESULTING IN PROFOUND ANEMIA |
| MEDICAL MANAGEMENT APLASTIC CRISIS | TRANSFUSION |
| TYPES OF SICKLE CELL CRISES | VASOOCCLUSIVE, SEQUESTRATION, APLASTIC |
| HEMOPHILIA | BLEEDING DISORDER INHERITED AS AN X-LINKED RECESSIVE DISORDER. TRANSMITTED BY FEMALE TO MALE OFFSPRING |
| HEMOPHILIA TYPE A | DEFICIENCY OF CLOTTING FACTOR VIII |
| JUVENILE RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS (JRA) | CHRONIC INFLAMMATORY, AUTOIMMUNE DISEASE OF CONNECTIVE TISSUE |
| PEAK ONSET OF JRA | AGES 2 TO 5 AND 9 TO 12 |
| TYPES OF JRA | SYSTEMIC, POLYARTICULAR, PAUARTICULAR |
| POLYARTICULAR JRA | >5 JOINTS AFFECTED |
| PAUARTICULAR | <3 JOINTS AFFECTED |
| BRONCHIOLITIS | AN INFLAMMATION OF THE BRONCHIOLES THAT CAUSES PRODUCTION OF A THICK MUCUS THAT OCCLUDES BRONCHIOLE TUBES AND SMALL BRONCHI |
| RSV | HIGHLY COMMUNICABLE, USUSALLY TRANSFERRED BY THE HANDS, COMMON CAUSE OF BRONCHIOLITIS |
| SIDS | SUDDEN, UNEXPECTED, AND UNEXPLAINED DEATH OF A HEALTHY INFANT |
| PEAK INCIDENCE OF SIDS | 2 TO 4 MONTHS |
| SIDS OFTEN ASSOCIATED WITH | PREMATURE BIRTH, LOW BIRTHWEIGHT, LOW aPGAR SCORES, MULTIPLE BIRTHS, CNS AND RESPIRATORY DYSFUNCTIONS |
| EPIGLOTTITIS | BACTERIAL FORM OF CROUP |
| TRIPOD POSITION | WHILE SUPPORTING BODY WITH HANDS, THE CHILD THRUSTS THE CHIN FORWARD AND OPENS THE MOUTH IN AN ATTEMPT TO WIDEN THE AIRWAY |
| INTERVENTIONS WITH EPIGLOTTITIS | ADMINISTER ANALGESICS AND ANTIPYRETICS, COOL-MIST O2, PREPARE ET TUBE OR TRACH, ENCOURAGE HIB VACCINE |
| CROUP | INFLAMMATION OF THE LARYNX, TRACHEA, AND BRONCHI, MAY BE VIRAL OR BACTERIAL |
| S/S CROUP | SEAL BARK, BRASSY COUGH, INSPIRATORY STRIDOR, LABORED RESPIRATIONS, USE OF ACCESSORY MUSCLES FOR BREATHING |
| ASTHMA | INCLUDES BRONCHOSPASM, EDEMA, AND INFLAMMATION OF THE BRONCHIAL AIRWAYS |
| S/S ASTHMA | DYSPNEA, EXPIRATORY WHEEZING, NONPRODUCTIVE COUGH, ORTHOPNEA, RESTLESSNESS |
| LONG CARE MANAGEMENT OF ASTHMA | INSTRUCT THE CHILD TO RECOGNIZE EARLY SYMPTOMS OF AN ASTHMA ATTACK |
| CYSTIC FIBROSIS | MULTISYSTEM DISORDER AFFECTING EXOCRINE GLAND FUNCTION |
| SWEAT TEST | SCREENING FOR CYSTIC FIBROSIS, AMOUNT OF NA AND CL IS MEASURED |
| POSTURAL DRAINAGE | ADMINISTER BEFORE MEALS |
| STEATORRHEA | BULKY, FOUL SMELLING STOOL |
| DEHYDRATION | MOST COMMON FLUID ELECTROLYTE IMBALANCE IN CHILDREN BECAUSE OF THEIR SIZE |
| CAUSES OF DEHYDRATION | DECREASED FLUID INTAKE, DIAPHORESIS, VOMITING, D |
| S/S DEHYDRATION | WEIGHT LOSS, DRY MUCOUS MEMBRANES, SUNKEN EYES, DEPRESSED FONTANELLES DECREASED URINE OUTPUT, INCREASED SPECIFIC GRAVITY, EXCESSIVE THIRST |
| DEHYDRATION INTERVENTIONS | MONITOR WEIGHT, MONITOR I &O ADMINISTER IV FLUIDS AND ELECTROLYTE REPLACEMENTS IF PRESCRIBED , |
| VOMITING CONCERNS | RISK OF DEHYDRATION, LOSS OF FLUID AND ELECTROLYTES, AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF METABOLIC ALKALOSIS |
| DATA COLLECTION FOR VOMITING | FREQUENCY/AMOUNT |
| INTERVENTIONS FOR VOMITING | PATENT AIRWAY, I&O, KEEP NPO PROVIDE FLUID AS TOLERATED |
| CONCERNS WITH DIARRHEA | RISK OF DEHYDRATION, LOSS OF FLUID AND ELECTROLYTES, AND METABOLIC ACIDOSIS |
| DATA COLLECTION FOR DIARRHEA | FREQUENC, CHARACTER, AMT. |
| CAUSES OF CLEFT LIP AND CLEFT PALATE | GENETIC, HEREDITARY, AND ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS, CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITIES, AND TERATOGENIC FACTORS |
| CLEFT LIP AND PALATE | ANOMALY THAT OCCURS AS A RESULT OF FAILURE OF SOFT TISSUE OR BONY STRUCTURE TO FUSE DURING EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT |
| AGE OF CLEFT LIP AND PALATE REPAIR | 6 MONTHS TO 2 YEARS BECAUSE EARLY CLOSURE FACILITATES SPEECH DEVELOPMENT |
| POST-OPERATIVE POSITION FOR CLEFT LIP/PALATE | ON SIDE LATERAL TO REPAIR OR ON BACK |
| GER | BACKFLOW OF GASTRIC CONTENTS INTO THE ESOPHAGUS, AS A RESULT OF RELAXATION OR INCOMPETENCE OF THE LOWER ESOPHAGEAL OR CARDIAC SPHINCTER |
| COMPLICATIONS OF GER | ASPIRATION OF GASTRIC CONTENTS, ASPIRATION PNEUMONIA |
| TREATMENT FOR GER | DIET, POSITIONING, MEDICATION, AND SURGERY |
| MEDICATIONS FOR GER | ANTACIDS, H2 RECEPTORS, PROKINETIC AGENTS |
| PYLORIC STENOSIS | HYPERTROPHY OF THE CIRCULAR MUSCLES OF THE PYLORUS CAUSES NARROWING OF THE PYLORIC CANAL BETWEEN THE STOMACH AND THE DUODENUM, SPASMS MOVE FOOD IN BOTH DIRECTIONS |
| S/S PYLORIC STENOSIS | VOMITING THAT PROGRESSES FROM MILD REGURGITATION TO PROJECTILE AND USUALLY OCCURS AFTER FEEDING |
| PYLOROTOMY | FREDET-RAMSTEDT PROCEDURE, AN INCISION THROUGH THE MUSCLE FIBERS OF THE PYLORUS |
| POST-OPERATIVE PYLOROTOMY | POSITION IN HIGH FOWLER'S ON RIGHT SIDE AFTER FEEDING |
| HIRSCHSPRUNG'S DISEASE | MEGACOLON ABSENCE OF GANGLION CELLS IN THE RECTUM AND UPWARD IN THE COLON, RESULTS IN MECHANICAL OBSTRUCTION FROM INADEQUETE MOTILITY IN AN INTESTIONAL SEGMENT |
| MEGACOLON TRAITS | FAMILIAL CONGENITAL DEFECT, ASSOCIATED WITH DOWN SYNDROME, AND GENITAL URINARY ABNORMALITIES |
