| A | B |
|---|
| outermost layer of the heart | pericardium |
| lines the outer layer-extra coating for the tough outer sac | parietal pericardium |
| innermost layer of the heart | endocardium |
| muscle of the heart | myocardium |
| cardiac conduction system is in this | myocardium |
| since all processes of the cardiac muscle are almost exclusively aerobic, they need this | oxygen |
| immediate energy source for myocardial contraction | ATP |
| tissue that lines the heart chambers | endocardium |
| this is why the endocardium is so smooth | to prevent clotting |
| how many chambers in the heart | 4; 2 upper and 2 lower |
| name of the 2 upper chambers of the heart | atria |
| name of the 2 lower chambers of the heart | ventricles |
| right and left sides of heart are seperated by this | septum (interatrial septum) |
| blood enters right side of heart through this | superior and inferior vena cava |
| blood enters left side of heart through this | pulmonary veins |
| what is different about the left ventricle vs the right | left is larger with thicker myocardium |
| why is the left side of the heart thicker and larger | it's the main pump of the heart |
| how does blood leave the right ventricle | via the pulmonary artery |
| how does blood leave the left ventricle | via the aorta |
| blood goes through these structures when traveling from one chamber to the other | valves |
| Once inside the heart, this is the first valve with 3 flaps | tricuspid |
| blood flows through this valve to get from the right atrium to the right ventricle | tricuspid |
| Once inside the heart, this is the second valve blood flows through | pulmonic |
| made of 3 cusps and blood flows through it from the right ventricle to the lungs | pulmonic |
| third valve once inside the heart | mitral |
| has 2 flaps (only valve that has 2 and not 3) | mitral |
| blood flows through this valve from the left atrium to the left ventricle | mitral |
| fourth and final valve of the heart | aortic |
| made of 3 cusps and blood flows from the left ventricle to the entire body | aortic |
| strands of myocardium that are anchored to the ventricle wall | papillary muscles |
| attached at the other end to the valve itself | chordae tendineae |
