| A | B |
|---|
| Vaccine | substance prepared from killed or weekend pathogens and introduced itno a body to produce immunnity |
| virulent | referring to the deadliness of a disease-causing agent able to cause desease |
| transformation | transfer of genetic material from one organism to another; first observed by Griffith |
| nucleotides | subunit of nucleic acids consisting of a nitrogenous base, a sugar and a phosphate group |
| deoxyribose | 5-carbon sugar that is a component of DNA nucleotides from which DNA gets its full name |
| adenine | a purine base, a component of a nucelotides |
| guanine | nitrogen base of the purine base; component of DNA and RNA nucleotides |
| thymine | nitrognes base of the pyrimidine class; component of DNA |
| cytosine | nitrogenous base of the pyrimidine class; component of RNA and DNA |
| double helix | sprinal-staircase structure characteristics of the DNA molecule |
| complementary | characteristis of nucleic acids in which the sequence of bases on one stand deterines the sequence of bases on the other |
| replication | process of synthesizing of new strand of DNA |
| helicase | enzyme that unwinds a DNA molecule's double helix before replication |
| DNA polymerases | enzyme that catalyzes the replication of DNA |
| semi conservative | process of replication conserves the original DNA |
| ribose sugar | sugar in RNA |
| urail | nitrogen-containing base of RNA, complementary to adenine |
| ribonucleic acid (RNA) | a type of nucleic acid that participates in the expression of genes |
| messenger RNA | RNA copy of a gene used as a blueprint for the making of a protein during tanslation |
| transcription | stage of gene expression in which the information in DNA is transferred to mRNA |
| transfer RNA | interpreter molecule that translates mRNA sequences into amino acid sequences |
| ribosomal RNA | type of RNA molecule that plays a structural plays a structural role in ribosomes |
| translation | stage of gene expression in which the information in mRNA is used to make a protein |
| RNA polymerase | enzyme that carries out transcription |
| ribosome | cytoplasmic organelle on which proteins are synthesized |
| codons | a 3 nucleotide sequence of DNA or RNA that encodes an amino acid or signifies a stop signal |
| genetic code | sequence of nucleotides that specifies the amino acid sequence of protein |
| anticodon | 3 nucleotide sequence of tRNA that recognizes a codon on mRNA |
| gene | section of chromosomes that codes for a protein of RNA molecule |
