| A | B |
|---|
| Hannibal | leader of Carthage army |
| Punic Wars | series of 3 wars between Rome and Carthage |
| 12 Tables | laws posted in The Forum |
| plebeian | citizens of the lower class; were merchants, farmers |
| patrician | wealthy, land-holding class |
| tribune | elected official to the Senate who represented plebeians |
| senate | decision-making body; made up of 300 patricians; life terms |
| consuls | pair of officials who led senate and army; 1 year terms |
| dictator | absolute ruler in time of war or emergency; 6 month term only |
| veto | to prevent a government policy; to reject |
| republic | government elected by the people |
| legion | basic Roman Army unit; 5,000 soldiers |
| Gracchus Brothers | worked in Senate; helped the poor |
| Scipio | Roman general who defeated Hannibal in Punic Wars; grandfather of Gracchus brothers |
| Marius | Roman military dictator; provided weapons and land to Roman soldiers |
| Julius Caesar | dictator who expanded Roman territory |
| Veni, Vidi, Vici | "I came, I saw, I conquered." |
| Octavian Augustus | dictator after Caesar; insightful, successful Roman dictator |
| Pax Romana | time of Roman peace in which citizens prospered |
| Circus Maxiumus | largest Roman racetrack |
| aqueduct | large stone arches engineered by the Romans to gather fresh water from mountains |
| Pantheon | still-standing Roman temple to Roman gods and goddesses |
| Virgil | author of "The Aeneid" |
| Livy | author during reign of Augustus; helped created and record Roman history (i.e. Romulus and Remus) |
| The Aeneid | story about Rome's founding; written to promote patriotism and unity |
| civil law | system of law which applied to Roman citizens only |
| law of nations | blended with civil law to create system of justice that applied to all people under Roman rule, both citizens and non-citizens |
