| A | B |
|---|
| ball and socket joints | permit circular, or rotating movement |
| hinge joints | allow a back and forth movement (in only one direction) |
| pivot joints | allow bones to move side-to-side and up-and-down |
| gliding joints | allow some movement in all directions |
| joint | a meeting place of two bones |
| fused joints | do not allow any movement |
| muscles | produce body movement by pulling on bones when they contract |
| involuntary muscles | responsible for heart contractions and peristalsis; are not under your control |
| smooth muscles | found in the walls and arteries of organs; controlled by the nervous system |
| cardiac muscles | cause the heart to beat |
| striated muscles | are attached to the bones of the skeleton |
| voluntary muscles | produce body movement by pulling on bones when they contract |
| extensors | extend or straighten the limbs when they contract |
| flexors | bend the limbs |
| biceps | located on the front of the upper arms; when they contract, the forearms are pulled toward the front of the shoulder |
| triceps | located on the back of the upper arm; when they contract, the arms straighten out |
| muscle fatigue | pain produced by the build up of lactic acid during anaerobic respiration |
| hernia | an organ or tissue which sticks out through a weak area in the muscle or other tissue that contains it |
| tendons | bands of dense tissue that connect muscle to bone |
| ligaments | tough bands of tissue that hold bones together at joints |
| sprains | tearing or stretching of the ligaments that held together the bone end in a joint |
| arthritis | inflammation of the joints |
| tendonitis | inflammation of a tendon, usually at the bone junction |
| bones | connective tissue composed of relatively few cells surrounded by large amounts of hard intracellular material |
| cartilage | fibrous, flexible elastic connective tissue |
| fractures | broken bones |
| marrow | inner tissue of some bones where red and white blood cells are produced |
