| A | B |
|---|
| political parties | a group of people who organize to help elect government officials and influence government policies. |
| Federalist Party | a political party created in the 1790s and influenced by Alexander Hamilton that wanted to strengthen the federal government and promote industry and trade |
| Democratic-Republican Party | a political party founded in the 1790s by Thomas Jefferson, James Madison, and other leaders who wanted to preserve the power of the state governments and promote agriculture |
| XYZ affair | an incident in which French agents attempted to get a bribe and loans from U.S. diplomats in exchange for an agreement that French privateers would no longer attack American ships; it led to an undeclared naval war between the two countries. |
| Alien and Sedition Acts | laws passed by a Federalist-dominated Congress aimed at protecting the government from treasonous ideas, actions, and people. |
| Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions | Republican documents that argued that the Alien and Sedition Acts were unconstitutional. |
| Marbury v. Madison | U.S. Supreme Court case that established the principle of judicial review. |
| Judicial review | the Supreme Court’s power to declare acts of Congress unconstitutional. |
