| A | B |
| Constantinople | Captital of Byzantine (Eastern Roman) Empire |
| Greco-Roman | cultures blended in the Byzantine Empire |
| Greek Fire | secret weapon that burn on water |
| 1054 | East West Church Schism |
| Justinian's Code | laws based on the 12 Tables |
| Orthodox | type of Christianity that arose in the Eastern Roman Empire |
| Constantine | renamed Byzantium to Constantinople |
| Edict of Milan | 313 Constantine's law that ended the persecution of Christians |
| Byzantine Art | religious and imperial themes that included icons, mosaics, and architecture |
| Peasant | formed the crucial foundation of the Byzantine Empire |
| 1453 | Fall of the Byzantine Empire when the Ottoman Turks invaded |
| Icon | religious or holy image |
| Patriarch | leader of the Orthodox Christian Church |
| Cyrillic Alphabet | created by Cyril to help the Slavs read |
| Slavs | arrived in the Steppe region during the 400s |
| Vikings | from Scandinavia they searched for trade routes during the 800s and created Kievan Rus |
| Boyar | Russian noble |
| Czar | Russian ruler |
| Mongols | invaded eastern Europe starting in the 1200s |
| Russian Princes | overthrew the Mongols |