| A | B |
|---|
| abolitionists | People who wanted to end slavery. |
| Underground Railroad | Secret escape routes used by slaves to get to the north and freedom. |
| Nat Turnter | A slave that tried to fight for his freedom. In 1831 he led an attack on several Virginian plantations. |
| John Brown | A white abolitionist who hoped to seize government weapons to help slaves fight for freedom. |
| Harpers Ferry | The town in present-day West Virginia where John Brown tried to raid the federal arsenal. |
| the Confederacy or the Confederate States of America | The group of seven southern states that seceded from the United States shortly after the election of Abraham Lincoln |
| Jefferson Davis | A man from Mississippi who became President of the Confederacy. |
| The Union | Made up of the states that remained loyal to the United States. |
| Civil War | A war between people in the same country. |
| April 4, 1861 | The date that Virginia's government voted AGAINST seceding from the union. |
| April 17, 1861 | The date that Virginia voted to SECEDE from the Union and join the Confederacy. |
| West Virginia | Established in 1863 by 50 western counties of Virginia because they did not to leave the Union. |
| fact | A statement that can be proven to be true |
| opinion | A belief or feeling that a person has about something. |
| Robert E. Lee | The man who was the leader for the Confederate army (he thought slavery was wrong but felt his loyalty was with Virginia). |
| Stonewall Jackson | A confederate general who fought in the first battle of the Civil War at Manassas on Bull Run Creek. |
| Emancipation Proclamation | Issued by Lincoln in September 1862. It said that all slaves in places under Confederate control were free. It took effect on January 1, 1863. |
| Belle Boyd | A Virginian who fought for the Confederate cause. She was a spy. |
| Ulysses S. Grant | The man in charge of all the Union armies after March of 1864. |
| Appomattox Court House | The place in central Virginia where General Robert E. Lee surrendered the Confederate army to General Ulysses S. Grant. This surrender was the end of the Civil War. |
| Reconstruction | The period of rebuilding the South. It lasted from 1865 to 1870. |
| Freedmen's Bureau | Created by Congress to help newly freed slaves who lacked land, money and education. |
| Booker T. Washington | A freed slave who helped to found Tuskegee Institute in Alabama. |
| sharecropping | A farming system. Farm workers rent farmland and pay with a share of the crop that they grow on the land. |
| Albert Royal Brooks | A former slave who became a respected business and community leader in Richmond. |
| Lucy Goode Brooks | Wife of Albert Brooks, before they were freed she taught her husband and her oldest daughter to read and write. |
| decendant | A person who came after a certain ancestor or group of ancestors. |
