| A | B |
|---|
| solution | a homogeneous mixture |
| solute | substance being dissolved |
| solvent | substance doing the dissolving; substance that the solute is dissolved in |
| aqueous | solutions with water as the solvent |
| alloy | a solid solution of metals (like bronze or steel) |
| solvation | to become surrounded by solvent molecules |
| hydration | to become surrounded by water molecules |
| solubility | amount of substance that can dissolve in a given amount of solvent at a given temperature |
| saturated | containing maximum amount of dissolved solute |
| After saturation, additional solute will settle _____ | on the bottom of the container |
| unsaturated | containing less dissolved solute than the maximum |
| supersaturated | containing more dissolved solute than the maximum; often prepared at a higher temperature |
| precipitate | undissolved solid that settles at bottom of solution |
| miscible | two liquifds or gases that will dissolve in each other |
| immiscible | two liquids or gases that will not dissolve in each other |
| concentration | amount of solute in a given amount of solvent |
| dilute | low ratio of solute to solvent |
| concentrated | high ratio of solute to solvent |
| How fast a solute will dissolve depends on 3 things _____, _____, _____ | stirring (agitation), temperature, particle size |
| Higher temperature leads to _____ dissolving. | faster |
| _____ particles dissolve faster. | smaller |
| How much of a solute will dissolve depends on _____ and _____. | temperature; also nature of solvent and solute |
| The solubility of solids tends to _____ with temperature. | increase |
| The solubility of gases tends to _____ with temperature. | decrease |
| Golden rule of solubility _____ | like dissolves like |
| Polar solutes will dissolve in _____ | polar solvents |
| Nonpolar solutes will dissolve in _____ | nonpolar solvents |
| A mixture of polar and nonpolar components will _____ in each other. | not dissolve |
| soluble | able to be dissolved |
| insoluble | unable to be dissolved |
