| A | B |
|---|
| republic | a nation in which power belongs to the citizens, who govern themselves through elected representatives |
| Senate | the assembly of elected representatives that was the most powerful ruling body of the Roman Republic |
| patrician | a member of the wealthy landowning family who claimed to be able to trace its roots fo the founding of Rome |
| plebeian | an ordinary, working male citizen of Rome, such as a farmer or craftsperson |
| empire | a nation or group of territories ruled by an emperor |
| Medieval | having to do with the period of history between the fall of the Roman Empire and the beginning of the modern world |
| Feudalism | a political and economic system in which lords gave land to less powerful nobles (vassals) who in return, agreed to provide services to the lord |
| Manorialism | a social system in which peasants worked on a lord's land and supplied him with food in exchange for his protection of them |
| guild | a business association created by people working in the same industry to protect their common interests and maintain standards within their industry |
| Magna Carta | a document signed by England's King John in 1215 that guaranteed English people basic rights |
| Constantine | first Christian emperor of Rome in A.D. 306 |
| Julius Caesar | a Roman general who increased his power and reputation by conquering territories and who became dictator of the Roman world |
| Augustus (Octavian) | the 1st emperor of Rome who ruled during a time of peace and cultural growth |
| Charlemagne | worked to bring political order to the northwestern parts of the former Roman Empire |
