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| Define sustainment. | Sustainment is the provision of logistics and personnel services necessary to maintain and prolong operations until mission accomplishment. |
| What are the eleven sustainment functions? | 1. Supply 2. Field services 3. Maintenance 4. Transportation 5. Health Service Support 6. Legal services 7. Religious services 8. Band support 9. Human resources 10. Financial management services 11. Explosive Ordinance Disposal |
| What are the three sustainment levels of war? | 1. Strategic 2. Operational 3. Tactical |
| What does the strategic level of sustainment do? | Links the U.S. economic base in CONUS to military operations in theater. |
| Who is primarily responsible for the strategic level of sustainment? | The Joint Staff, DOD, State Department, and National Command Authority. |
| Who is involved in the strategic level of sustainment? | Each branch of the service (including the Coast Guard) and numerous non-DOD agencies. |
| What additional factor may be involved in the strategic level of sustainment? | The National Will. |
| What eight things does the strategic level of sustainment focus on? | 1. Mobilization, deployment, redeployment, and demobilization. 2. Determining support requirements. 3. Acquisition of resources. 4. Pre-positioned stocks. 5. Regional support agreements. 6. Establishment of theater bases. 7. Providing strategic mobility: sea lift and air lift. 8. Lines of communication to theater: SPOD and APOD. |
| What does the operational level of sustainment do? | Links the strategic and tactical levels. |
| How does the operational level of sustainment link the strategic and tactical levels? | Support personnel coordinate support from the strategic level to meet the needs at the tactical level. |
| What does the operational level of sustainment include? | The support required to conduct campaigns, major operations, and other operations within the AO. |
| What six things does the operational level of sustainment focus on? | 1. Reception, staging, onward movement, and integration. 2. Materiel management, movement control, and distribution management. 3. Allocation & management and redeployment of units and soldiers. 4. Sustainment of theater stocks supporting the supply system. 5. Planning, coordinating, managing, and supervising sustainment activities. 6. Lines of communication to tactical units: ground and air. |
| What does the tactical level of sustainment include? | All functions necessary to support the conduct of battles and engagements. |
| What does the tactical level of sustainment provide? | Key sustainment functions necessary to meet the commander’s intent and concept of operations. |
| What is unique about the tactical level of sustainment? | It provides the most immediate level of sustainment. “Where the rubber meets the road.” |
| What two things does the tactical level of sustainment focus on? | 1. Supporting the commander’s intent and concept of operation to maximize his freedom of action. 2. Providing the right support at the right time. |
| What four key sustainment functions (of the 11) does the tactical level of sustainment provide? | 1. Supply 2. Maintenance 3. Transportation 4. Health Service Support |
| What are the four logistics principles of the Brigade Combat Team? | 1. Dedicated logistics operator (a.k.a. the SPO) 2. Increased velocity with reduced order-to-receipt time 3. Situational understanding achieved with the assistance of a logistics common operating picture (LCOP) 4. An agile logistics system |
| Who determines the logistics needs of the Brigade Combat Team? | The brigade S-4 |
| What do the eight characteristics of sustainment do? | 1. Allow commander to visualize and describe the sustainment concept. 2. Help describe the considerations required to conduct (plan, prepare, execute, and assess) successful operations. 3. Seldom exert equal influence, and their importance varies by situation. |
| What are the eight characteristics of sustainment? | 1. Integration 2. Flexibility 3. Economy 4. Attainability 5. Responsiveness 6. Sustainability 7. Survivability 8. Simplicity |
| Which of the eight characteristics of sustainment is the key sustainment characteristic? | Responsiveness |
| What does a multi-functional sustainment unit do? | Performs two or more different sustainment functions |
| At what levels are multi-functional sustainment units found? | Corps and Division levels |
| What does a functional sustainment unit do? | Performs only one specific logistics function |
| At what level is a functional sustainment unit found? | Corps |
| What is logistics preparation of the battlefield? | The process of gathering data, analyzing the data’s impact on logistics, and integrating the data into tactical planning so that support actions are synchronized with maneuver units. |
| What are the five basic steps in the logistics preparation of the battlefield process? | 1. Determine battlefield data pertinent to support actions. 2. Determine sources from which raw data can be derived. 3. Gather pertinent data. 4. Analyze collected data elements and translate them into decision information by assessing their impact on the mission and the competing courses of action. 5. Integrate decision information into tactical planning by incorporating it in logistics estimates and brigade or battalion plans and orders. |
| What is operational reach and sustainability? | The distance and duration we can successfully employ our military capabilities. |
| What occurs when operational reach is exceeded? | Culminating point |
| What two factors affect operational reach? | Support and materiel |
| What four things can you do to extend operational reach? | 1. Adjust support and/or materiel factors. 2. Secure lines of communication forward (LOCs). 3. Reposition distribution systems. 4. Use intermediate and/or theater staging bases (ISBs/TSBs). |
| What is an Intermediate Staging Base (ISB)? | An ISB is a secure staging base usually established near to, but not in, the area of operations. |
| What is a Theater Sustainment Command? | It is the single Army logistics headquarters for the theater. |
| What is an Expeditionary Sustainment Command? | The ESC is the advanced party for theater sustainment command. |
| What is the mission of a sustainment brigade? | Plan, synchronize, monitor, and execute logistics operations. Conduct distribution operations within assigned AOs. Conduct Theater Opening and/or Theater Distribution operations when directed. Provide support to joint, interagency, and multi-national forces as directed. |
| What are the three sustainment brigade capabilities? | Theater opening, theater distribution, and sustainment operations. |
| What are the only elements that are organic to a sustainment brigade? | Comms and HHC |
| What is the only thing that a Theater Sustainment Command does not own? | The support units for the movement command. |
| What are the three types of logistics? | 1. Mass-based 2. Distribution-based 3. Sense and Respond |
| What are the four BSB movement techniques? | 1. Within the HBCT formation 2. Direct support to combat units 3. Displace as an entity 4. Displacement by bounds |
| What does distribution-based logistics refer to? | To the “sustainment pipeline” activities of receiving, sending, and moving resources |
| What does distribution-based logistics involve? | Supply and transportation functions |
| What does distribution-based logistics require? | Synchronization through all levels |
| What is the challenge of distribution-based logistics? | Meshing materiel and movement through all levels to create a seamless system as well as providing total asset visibility. |
| What are three characteristics of a situation where a BSB will move within the HBCT? | 1. When enemy contact is minimal 2. When logistics demands on the BSB are light 3. When sufficient time is anticipated for the BSB to set up |
| Of the four BSB movement types, which is the most responsive? | Direct support to combat units |
| When do we use the “direct support to combat units” type of BSB movement? | When operational distances are significant and when secure ground/air LOCs cannot be established. |
| What is an advantage to using a “direct support to combat units” type of BSB movement? | Increases the maneuver units sustainment capabilities |
| . What is a disadvantage to the “direct support to combat units” type of BSB movement? | It increases the vulnerability and reduces the mobility of the BSB. |
| Describe the “displace as an entity” type of BSB movement. | Brigade operations conducted in clearly defined phases with identifiable windows between operations. |
| What are the three advantages to the “displace as an entity” type of BSB movement? | 1. Allows the BSB to support from a mature logistics base. 2. Enhances command and control of the BSB. 3. Provides a single point for direct support activities. |
| What is the disadvantage to the “displace as an entity” type of BSB movement? | Creates a logistical blackout during the BSB’s movements if a FLE is not established |
| What is a FLE? | Forward Logistics Element |
| What does a FLE do? | Provides continuous support during fast-moving operations |
| What is a FLB? | Forward Logistics Base |
| What does a FLB refer to? | The geographic area on the ground |
| Who controls the FLB? | The SPO |
| When do you use the “displace by bounds” form of BSB movement? | During operations requiring continuous support |
| In which element of a “displace by bounds” form of BSB movement does the BSB commander move? | The forward element |
| What are the two advantages to a “displace by bounds” form of BSB movement? | 1. More responsive support because distance is minimized. 2. Enhances survivability of sustainment assets. |
| What are the disadvantages of a “displace by bounds” form of BSB movement? | Command and control is degraded |
| What are the three types of echeloned trains? | 1. Company trains 2. Battalion combat trains 3. Field trains |
| Where are company trains located? | In the maneuver companies rear area, about a half to one kilometer behind the FLOT. |
| What does a company train consist of? | Medical evacuation team and field maintenance teams |
| Who controls a company train? | The company 1st Sergeant |
| Who coordinates re-supply in a company train? | The 1st Sergeant coordinates with the S-4 who is located in the battalion combat train. |
| Where is the battalion combat train located? | In the battalion area about 1 to 4 kilometers behind the FLOT |
| What does a battalion combat train consist of? | A battalion aid station and pre-positioned emergency class III and V |
| Who controls the battalion combat train? | The S-4 with help from the S1 |
| Where is the Field Train’s Command Post (FTCP) located? | In the battalion’s rear area about 4 to 12 kilometers behind the FLOT |
| Who controls the Field Train’s Command Post (FTCP)? | The FSC commander |
| What does the Field Train’s Command Post consist of? | Dining facility (DFAC), a distribution platoon, and a maintenance platoon |
| Where is the Brigade Support Area (BSA) located? | In the brigades rear area about 20 to 25 kilometers from the FLOT |
| What does the Brigade Support Area consist of? | HHC, Distribution, Field Maintenance Company and a Medical Company |
| Who controls the Brigade Support Area? | The BSB commander |
| What are the three distribution methods of re-supply? | 1. Unit distribution 2. Supply point distribution 3. Throughput distribution |
| What is the preferred way to accomplish routine replenishment operations? | Logistics Package Operations (LOGPACs) |
| What are the three methods of LOGPAC distribution? | 1. Service station 2. Tailgate supply 3. Modified tailgate |
| What are the two types of replenishment operations? | 1. Routine 2. Immediate |
| What are two tasks of a sustainment brigade SPO? | . Plan and provide oversight for sustainment operations within their AOR. 2. Plans, commits, and monitors the status and use of motor, air, and rail assets. |
| What does the HBCT Adjutant (S1) do? | Responsible for maintaining unit strength and conducting personnel actions |
| What does the HBCT logistics officer (S4) do? | Determines the requirements for maintenance, supply, transportation, and services for the HBCT. |
| What does the HBCT brigade surgeon do? | Is responsible for FHP operations in support of the HBCT |
| What does the BSB SPO do? | Provides the technical supervision for the external logistics mission of the support battalion. He is the key interface between the supported units and the supported battalions. |
| What four things must a logistics officer do to support offensive operations? | 1. Integrate re-supply operations with the scheme of maneuver 2. Enable CSS elements to react quickly to changing needs 3. Develop triggers based on the scheme of maneuver to activate/deactivate collection points and LRPs 4. Plan and rehearse for enemy contacts |
| What four things must a logistics officer do to support defensive operations? | 1. Position CSS assets to support the forces and survive 2. Throughput supplies from echelons above division (EAD) 3. Refit degraded units if operations permit 4. Prepare to resume offensive operations |
| What are three characteristics of stability operations? | 1. Normally non-linear and often conducted in non-contiguous areas of operation 2. Support may be both internal and external 3. Contract use of local resources and facilities |
