| A | B |
| erosion | the gradual wearing away of Earth's surface by the action of wind, water, ice, and gravity |
| glaciation | the creation and movement of glaciers |
| physical processes | natural forces that change Erth's physical features, including forces that build up and wear down Earth's surface |
| tectonic movement | the movement of plates below Earth's surface |
| volcanic activity | the formation and eruption of volcanoes |
| ethnic group | a group of people in a country who share a unique culture and identity |
| nation | a large group of people who share a common history and culture |
| nationalism | feelings of loyalty and pride toward one's nation or ethnic group |
| nation-state | an independent state, or country, whose people mostly share a common identity |
| state | a political unit that controls a particular territory |