| A | B |
|---|
| motivation | an internal state that activates behavior and directs it toward a goal |
| instincts | innate tendencies that determine behavior |
| need | biological or psychological requirements of an organism |
| drive | a state of tension produced by a need that motivates an organism toward a goal |
| homeostasis | the tendency of all organisms to correct imbalances and deviations from their normal state |
| incentive | an external stimulus, reinforcer or reward that motivates behavior |
| extrinsic motivation | engaging in activities that either reduce biological needs or help us obtain external incentives |
| intrinsic motivation | engaging in activities because they are personally rewarding or because they fulfill our beliefs and expectations |
| lateral hypothalmus | the part of the hypothalmus that produces hunger signals |
| ventro medial hypothalmus | the part of the hypothalmus that can cause one to stop eating |
| fundamental needs | biological drives that must be satisfied to maintain life |
| psychological needs | the urge to belong and to give and receive love, and the urge to acquire esteem |
| self-actualization needs | the pursuit of knowledge and beauty or whatever else is required for the realization of one's unique potential |
| emotion | a set of complex reactions to stimuli involving subjective feelings, psycholigcal arousal and observable behavior |
| innate | part of our biological inheritance |
| instinct theory of motivation | stresses that humans are motivated by a variety of innate tendencies that determine behavior |
| drive reduction theory of motivation | based on the idea that all human motives are extensions of basic biological needs |
| incentive theory | stresses the role of the enviormnent in motivating behavior |
| cognitive theory | proposes that motivation is influenced by forces both inside and outside individuals that energize them to work |
| social motives | are learned from people's interactions with other people |
| achievement motives | concern the desire to set challenging goals despite obstacles , frustrations and setbacks |
| affect | another word for emotion |
| physical | aspect of emotion that has to do with how the emotion affects physical arousal of an individual |
| behavioral | apsect of emotion that is the outward expression of the emotion |
| cognitive | aspect of emotion that concerns how we think aobut or interpret a siutation which affects our emotions |
| James Lange Theory | psycological theory that says emotions are gut reactions; emotions are perception of certain internal bodily changes |
| Cannon Bard Theory | theory that the thalamus is the seat of emotion |
| Schacter Singer | famous experiment where participants took cues from their environment |
| Opponent Process Theory | say that the parasympathetic and sympathetic systems act in concert to regulate the body; If a stimulus excites one emotion ,taking a way the stimulus should swing it in the other direction |
| sympathetic system | energizes the body |
| parasympathetic system | calms and relaxes the body |
| Abraham Maslow | developed a hierachy of needs |
| emotional intelligence | ability to perceive, imagine, and understand emotions and to use the info in decision making |
| Harry Harlow | his experiment on monkeys disproves the drive reduction theory |
| set point weight | weight around which your weight fluctuates |
| set point weight, glucose level and temperature | three things the thalmus regulates |
| physical, behavioral and cognitive | three parts of emotions |
| Martina Horner | completed a study that said more women were afraid of success than men |
