| A | B |
|---|
| ida tarbell | a history of the standard oil corp. |
| upton sinclair | the jungle |
| ida b. wells | the red record |
| booker t. washington | up from slavery |
| rudyard kipling | white man's burden |
| horatio alger | rags to riches |
| mark twain | created "gilded age" |
| westinghouse | air brakes, electric transformer |
| pullman | sleeping and dining cars |
| edison | light bulb, phonograph, movie camera |
| bell | telephone |
| ford | assembly line, mass production, model t |
| wright bros | airplane |
| morse | telegraph |
| eastman | portable camera |
| cyrus field | transatlantic cable |
| lewis latimer, granville woods, elijah mcCoy | all black inventors after they were freed |
| george washington carver | 47 different uses for a penut |
| mattew perry | hero of manila bay, treaty of kanagawa |
| samuel tilden | ran for prez unsuccessfully, gained fame for fighting political corruption in NYC |
| Queen lili | abdicated hawaiian queen |
| boss tweed | leader of tanamy hall, brought down by cartoons of Nast |
| Eugene debs | founder of american socialist party |
| w.r. hearst | famous yellow journalist said "you furnish the pics, i'll furnish the war" |
| john pulitzer | known for yellow journalism |
| WEB dubois | founded the NAACP |
| susan b anthony | womens' rights activists |
| carry nation | temperate advocate broke bottles and kegs with an ax |
| alfred mahan | president of naval war college |
| george dewey | hero of the battle of Manila Bay |
| andrew carnegie | this millionaire is known for dominating the steel company and his philanthropy |
| john rockefeller | millionaire, dominated the oil company |
| terrence powderly | founded the knights of labor |
| cornelius vanderbilt | vanderbilt college, biltmore mansion, railroad baron |
| samuel gompers | founded american federation of labor |
| william jennings bryan | democratic candidate in 1896 and gave "cross of gold" speech |
| mary harris "mother" jones | sought safety regulations in coal mines |
| thaddeus stevens | leader of the radical republicans |
| john wilkes booth | actor, killed lincoln |
| james blaine | republican that his party refused to vote for "mugwump" |
| john hay | created the open door policy |
| bob lafollete | created primary elections |
| JP morgan | bought out carnegie and created US Steel |
| Hiram Revels and Blanche Bruce | first black senators (mississippi) |
| "Cross of gold" | famous speech by william jennings bryan |
| free silver | silver money given for free to farmers (decreases value of money) |
| standard gauge | 4'8.5" width of railroad tracks across the US |
| dividends | stockholder's share of a corporations profit |
| stock | shares of a company |
| capital gains | buy low sell high |
| haymarket incident | chicago- led to an increase in anti-union sentiment in late 1800s |
| Knights of labor | first national labor union founded by terrence powderly |
| american federation of labor | union founded by samuel gompers |
| social darwinism | survival of the fittest |
| robber barons | nickname associated with the millionaire "captains of industry" |
| gilded age | phrase coined by mark twain to describe an era that seemed fine but was really very corrupt |
| tenements | buildings that the poorest of residents lived in the big cities |
| horizontal integration | buying out your competition |
| vertical integration | buying out cmopanies that supplied you |
| monopoly | controlling the whole industry |
| time zones | railroads change the US concept of time |
| drake's folly | first oil well |
| seward's folly | alaska |
| open door policy | john hay's proposal for US foreign policy in China |
| boxer rebellion | some kung-fu guys led an uprising in china |
| rough riders | volunteer cavalry unit created by TR |
| muckrakers | TR called reporters who only focused on getting the dirt in reporting this |
| yellow journalism | sensational brand of reporting that helped lead the US into the spanish-american war |
| isolationism | national policy of avoiding involvement in world affairs |
| the grange | the farmers union |
| expansionism | expanding a country's frontier |
| spheres of influence | the chinese culture was divided into certain spheres of influence for trade the US didn't have one |
| great white fleet | TR sent them around the world to show off the power of the US navy |
| dollar diplomacy | using money instead of military- Taft |
| moral diplomacy | "do the right thing" - wilson |
| tariff | tax on imported goods |
| spoils system | when a person won an office (ex:prez) he would fire the old prez's staff even if they were qualified and would hire their own people |
| trusts | combos of companies |
| freedmen's bureau | organization for free slaves |
| restoration | johnson's domestic plan of re-building the south after the civil war |
| 10% plan | lincoln said that only 10% of men in each state would have to swear loyalty to the union in order for that state to be admitted to the union |
| carpetbaggers | republicans that came from the north (bad guys) |
| scalawags | republicans fron the south |
| ku klux klan | secret societies to keep blacks "in their place" |
| compromise of 1877 | gave hayes the election |
| redeemers | the new democratic leaders who had "redeemed" the south from GOP control |
| lynching | public hanging, ganging up on someone w/ intent to kill |
| poll tax | must pay before voting (to keep blacks from voting) |
| literacy test | voters must be able to read and understand the constitution to vote (to keep blacks from voting) |
| credit mobilier scandal | involved railroad kick-backs and encompassed office holders up through it |
| watergate | nixon's scandal |
| whitewater | clinton's scandal |
| teapot dome | harding's scandal |
| iran-contra | reagan's scandal |
| stalwarts | the old style greedier republicans |
| half-breeds | reformers |
| mugwumps | some reform-minded republicans |
| ford's theater | where lincoln was shot |
| populist party | "the people's party" third party group |
| collective bargaining | union handling all worker's contracts |
| triangle shirtwaist fire | NY disaster led to unions to push for safer working conditions |
| pullman strike | railroad strike broken up by cleveland b/c it was 'interfering w/ the mail" |
| van buren & precedent | r; if economy goes down, you lose! |
| lincoln and precedent | r; when other party splits, you win |
| johnson | impeached; pres after lincoln |
| grant | r; civil war hero, ran for election of 1868, ran against horatio symour, won |
| hayes | r; congressman and governer of Ohio; reputation: honest and held views for reconstruction |
| garfield | r; assassinated and famous for pendleton act |
| arthur | r; took over after garfield was shot |
| cleveland | d; only president to be elected for two non consecutive terms, ran against blaine and harrison |
| harrison | r; beat cleveland in 1888 |
| mcKinley | r; ran against bryan |
| roosevelt | r; hero of the battle of san juan bay, rough rider, ran against wilson in 1912 and lost, square deal plan |
| taft | r; defeated william byan in 1908 |
| wilson | d; won 1912 election |
| compare clinton and nixon's impeachments | clinton- party stayed with him, nixon- party didn't stay with him, resigned |
| 13th Amendment | freed slaves |
| 14th amendment | all citizens equal rights |
| 15th amendment | blacks can vote |
| 16th amendment | income tax |
| 17th amendment | direct election of senators |
| 18th amendment | prohibition |
| 19th amendment | women's right to vote |
| 21st amendment | ended prohibition |
| treaty of kanagawa | opened trade w/ japan |
| treaty of portsmouth | ended russian-japanese war?? |
| plessey vs. ferguson (1896) | segregation |
| dredd scott vs. sanford | no black rights |
| brown vs. board of education | intergration |
| sherman antitrust act | 1890 law passed to limit the monopolistic powers of big buisness |
| Morrill land-grant act | 1862 law that allowed states to sell federal land to raise money for education |
| platt amendment | this addition to the spending bill gave the USA de facto control over Cuban foriegn policy |
| pure food and drug act | TR supported this law after reading the jungle (checked food and drugs for healthiness) |
| pendleton act | instituted a series of civil service exams for prospective office seekers |
| interstate commerce act | this law regulated railroads |
| wade-davis bill | required 50% loyalty rate for the south (to the north) and no former confederates could hold office |
| civil rights act of 1866 | law that president hohnson vetoed |
| first reconstruction act | established martial law in the south |
| grandfather clause | you could vote if your grandfather did |
| amnesty act | voting rights back to most of the white democrats in the south |
| chinese exclusion act | kept the chinese of of the US |
| Gentlemen's Agreement | promised to restrict immigration |
| monroe doctrine | said that the US wouldn't interfere with European colonies |
| Federal reserve act | regulated the national banking system |
| tenure in office act | made sure prisidents couldn't remove an appointee w/o the approval of congress (unconstitutional) |
