| A | B |
|---|
| At some point in their lives, all chordates have a flexible supporting rod in their backs called a | notochord. |
| To which phylum do vertebrates belong? | Chordata |
| What does the backbone surround and protect in a vertebrate? | the spinal cord |
| If an animal is an ectotherm, it has | a body that does not produce much internal heat. |
| Fishes take in oxygen through their | gills. |
| Which of the following fishes has a skeleton made of hard bone? | a goldfish |
| What type of fish is a lamprey? | a jawless fish |
| If a fish’s swim bladder was destroyed, the fish would be unable to | stabilize its body at different depths. |
| Most adult amphibians can obtain oxygen through | lungs and thin, moist skin. |
| Amphibians are especially sensitive to changes in the environment because | their skin is delicate. |
| Part or all of the notochord of vertebrates is replaced by a(n) ___________ as the animal becomes an adult. | backbone |
| The temperature of a(n)_________ usually doesn’t change much even when the temperature of its environment changes. | endotherm |
| The waste product _______ is removed from a fish’s blood through its gills. | carbon dioxide |
| Most fishes are _________ | bony |
| Pharyngeal slits may also be called ____________________. | gill slits |
| Mammals and ____________________ are the two groups of vertebrates that are endotherms. | birds |
| Structures that help fish move are called ____________________ and typically consist of a thin membrane stretched across bony supports. | fins |
| Sharks, rays, and skates have skeletons made of ____________________. | cartilage |
| Most bony fishes have an organ called a(n) ____________________, which allows a fish to stabilize its body at different depths. | swim bladder, air bladder |
| As a tadpole becomes a frog, its circulatory and _______________ systems undergo significant changes that will allow it to live on land. | respiratory |
