| A | B |
|---|
| antibiotics | chemicals that kill bacteria without harming eukaryotic cells |
| autotrophs | organisms that can fix inorganic carbon into organic compounds |
| Archaea | a prokaryotic domain, organisms lack peptidoglycan in cell walls |
| bacilli | rod shaped bacteria |
| capsule | tightly organized accessory coat of sugar and protein |
| chemoautotroph | make organic compounds from carbon dioxide using energy from chemical reactions |
| chemoheterotroph | get all energy from breaking down organic compounds, do not use light |
| chemotaxis | directed motion in response to a chemical gradient |
| chloroxybacteria | a group of photoautotrophic bacteria |
| cocci | sphere shaped bacteria |
| cyanobacteria | photoautotrophic bacteria, use same chlorophyll as plants |
| decomposer | absorbs nutrients from dead organisms |
| endotoxins | poisonous chemicals that are an integral part of bacterial cells |
| epidemiologist | scientist that studys how disease is transmitted in populations |
| Eubacteria | domain of prokaryotes, organisms usually have peptidoglycan in cell walls |
| exotoxin | poisonous chemical secreted by bacteria |
| facultative anaerobes | bacteria that can live with or without oxygen |
| fermenting bacteria | bacteria that get energy by breaking down organic compounds without oxygen |
| flagellum | fibrous organelle used for locomotion |
| Gram negative | bacterium with 2 layered cell wall, outer layer lipid |
| Gram positive | cell wall single, thick layer of peptidoglycan |
| halophile | Archaean that requires high salt concentrations |
| heterotroph | organism that must get organic compounds by eating other organisms |
| Koch's postulates | procedure used to identify the pathogen for a given disease |
| methanogens | anaerobic Archaeans that generate methane during fermentation |
| morphology | shape of an organism |
| nitrogen fixation | process of creating nitrates, nitrites and ammonia from nitrogen gas |
| normal flora | microorganisms commonly found on and inside a host organism |
| nucleoid | region of bacterium containing DNA |
| obligate aerobe | organism that must have oxygen to survive |
| obligate anaerobe | an organism that cannot tolerate oxygen |
| omnibacteria | most common group of organisms on earth; facultative anaerobes |
| pathogen | disease causing |
| peptidoglycan | chains of sugars linked by peptide spacers |
| photoautotroph | fixes carbon dioxide into sugar using light energy |
| photoheterotroph | gets some energy from light, must eat organic compounds |
| pseudomonads | obligate aerobes that produce carbon dioxide; Gram + rods |
| slime layer | loosely organized accessory layer of sugar and protein |
| spirilla | curved eubacteria |
| spirochete | curved eubacteria with periplasmic flagella |
| symbiont | absorb nutrients from living organisms |
| taxis | directed movement in response to stimulus |
| thermoacidophile | Archaean that require high temperatures and low pH |
