| A | B |
|---|
| What causes particles to move back and forth in the direction the waves are moving? | P waves |
| What is the most common cause of earthquakes? | faulting |
| What is formed from lava whose chemical composition is similiar to that of both light-colored and dark-colored lava? | andesite |
| What is made up of particles about the size of golf balls? | volcanic bombs |
| What do quiet flows of lava produce? | shield volcanoes |
| In a year, how many earthquakes cause severe changes in the earth's surface? | 20 |
| What is located on a major earthquake and volcano zone? | Iceland |
| What is made up of particles about the size of grains of rice? | volcanic ash |
| What do cinder cones result from? | explosive eruptions of rock particles |
| Where is the San Andreas fault located? | California |
| What is the meridian that runs through England? | prime meridian |
| Wat are the lines from east to west across a globe or map? | parallels |
| What is a representation of a three dimensional object on a flat surface? | projection |
| What is a map that shows te area correctly but the shapes of the areas are distorted? | mercator projection |
| What is the measure of distance east and west of the prime meridian? | longitude |
| What is the name of the 180th meridian? | international dateline |
| What is the measure of distance north and south of the equator? | latitude |
| What is the mos accurate representation of earth's entire surface? | globe |
| What are the lines on a globe or map that run between the points that represent the geographic North and South poles? | meridians |
| What is the ine that passes through all points on a map that have the same elevation? | contour line |
| What is the largest landmass on earth? | continent |
| What are flat areas of land that rise more than 600 meters above sea level? | plateaus |
| What is a flat land area that doesn't rise far above sea level? | plain |
| What is a large area of very old rock that forms the core of a continent? | shield |
| What is the layer of the Earh surrounding the inner core? | outer core |
| Where are the least complex fossils found? | oldest rocks |
| What is the outer core made of? | nickle and iron |
| What are seismic waes? | waves of energy |
| Continental crust is _______ than oceanic crust. | thicker |
| A sponge treated with gypsum is analagous to what? | petrified bone |
| Ingneous rock that forms within the earth. | intrusive |
| As a seafloor feature, this refers to an elongate region of elevated shallow seafloor. They are atually underwater mountain ranges. | ridge |
| The origin of an earthquake -the location where the engergy is initially released. | focus |
| The rigid, brittle portion of the mantle that lies directly beneath the crust (both oceanic and continental crust). | upper mantle |
| A broken portion of the lithosphere that includes the upper mantle and crust (oceanic and/or continental crust). | plate |
| The point on a map directly above the origin of an earthquake. | epicenter |
| Oriented in a straight line. | linear |
| As a seafloor feature, this refers to a linear or arcuate region that is muh deeper than the surrounding seafloor. | trench |
| Oriented in a curved alignment or arc. | arcuate |
| A seamount that has "grown" above sea level. | volcanic island |
| Elongate fault, or brea in the seafloor found with mid-ocean ridges. | fracture zone |
| Type of crust that is less dense yet is more massive than oceanic crust.All types of rocks can be found within this part of the crust. It extends well offshore of our modern shore lines. | oceanic crust |
| Molten rock that emerges above te surface of the earth. | lava |
| The outermost layer of the earth; this layer is either continental or oceanic. | continental crust |
| Scientists determined the structure of the core by studying _______. | P and S waves |
| An oval or circularuplifted area created by rising molten rock is called a ________. | dome |
| What are three renewable resources? | aluminum, paper, trees |
| What is an example of an element? | gold |
| _______ forms the basis ofthe lithosphere. | upper mantle |
| What seafloor feature in the Pacific produces the most earthquakes? | trenches |
| What produced the Hawaiin ridge? | hot spots |
| Dring metamorphism, granite becomes______. | gneiss |
| What is the parent rock of marble? | limestone |
| Scientists used what evidence to discern where plate boundaries are? | earthquake epicenters |
| When sharp rock fragments are cemented together they form_______. | breccia |
| When applying pressure to look for patterns of break in a rock is to observe the rocks_____. | cleavage |
| A crystal that is six-sided has what shape? | hexagonal |
