| A | B |
|---|
| Heredity | The passing on of characteristics from parents to offspring. |
| Traits | Characteristics that are inherited. |
| Gametes | Another name for sex cells. |
| Fertilization | The uniting of male and female gametes. |
| Recessive | The trait that seems to "disappear". |
| Law of Segregation | Mendel's conclusion that a parent passes on only one allele for each trait to its offspring. |
| Phenotype | The way an organism looks. |
| Genotype | The gene combination of an organism, type of genes. |
| Homozygous | Two alleles for the trait are the same, RR. |
| Heterozygous | Two alleles for the trait are different, Rr. |
| The phenotypic ratio resulting from Rr x Rr | 3:1 (dominant:recessive) |
| Mutation | A genetic change in the DNA. |
| Sex-linked inheritance | When genes are carried on the sex chromosomes. |
| Punnett square | A tool to predict the different type of offspring resulting from a cross. |
| Law of Independent Assortment | The law that states that different traits do not affect the inheritance of other traits heredity passing of traits from one generation to the next. |
| Polygenic inheritance | When there are more than two alleles for a given trait. |
| Multiallelic inheritance | When more than one gene is responsible for the expressed trait. |
| Incomplete dominance | When two different alleles together produce an intermediate (blended) phenotype. |
| Codominance | When both alleles are expressed in a heterozygote. |
| R | represents a dominant allel |
