| A | B |
|---|
| Berlin Conference | late 1800s it - where the Europeans literally carved up the African continent |
| apartheid | segregation / separation of races in South Africa |
| "Dark Continent" | what the Europeans called Africa before 1800 because they didn't know much about it |
| "Scramble for Africa" | European imperialism as a result of the Berlin Conference |
| Afrikaaners | whites in South Africa after 1950 |
| ANC | African National Congress - led by Nelson Mandela - against apartheid |
| Bishop Desmond Tutu | fought with Nelson Mandela & Winnie Mandela against apartheid |
| Boers | Dutch settlers in South Africa in the 1800s |
| cash crop | crops grown for export - to sell - to make money |
| coups d'etat | overthrow of the government |
| David Livingstone | European explorer of Africa's interior |
| deforestation | cutting away of the rain forest - hurts the environment |
| desertification | when the desert expands - takes away valuable farmland |
| ethnic cleansing | genocide - the deliberate killing of a race |
| export | to ship things/goods out of your country - you make $$$ |
| import | you are forced to bring things/goods into your country - you LOSE money |
| F.W. deKlerk | the last white Prime Minister/President of South Africa - he began to dismantle apartheid |
| GDP (Gross Domestic Product) | how much money a nation makes in a year - how much it is worth |
| Henry Stanley | 1 of 2 European explorers in the 1800s to explore/open up Africa's interior |
| Hutu | a tribe in Rwanda - in the majority - but not the rulers |
| Tutsi | a tribe in Rwanda - in the minority - yet traditional the rulers because they are the landholders |
| infant mortality rate | the number of children who unfortunately do live to see the age of 1 |
| Jomo Kenyatta | fought for independence for Kenya |
| Kwame Nkrumah | 1st African to achieve independence for an African nation: Ghana |
| life expectancy | how long the average person lives to be |
| mixed economy | socialism - an economic system - the government controls key industries |
| Nelson Mandela | led the fight against Apartheid in South Africa |
| Pan-Africanism | Africans working together for the good of all Africans |
| Pass Laws | part of Apartheid - non-whites had to carry "papers" with them -discriminatory |
| per capita income | how much the average person makes in a year |
| tribalism | you are more loyal to your tribe than to your nation |
| nationalism | you are more loyal to your country than to your tribe |
