| A | B |
|---|
| xlem | a plant tissue that transports water and minerals throughout the plant. |
| phloem | tissue that transports sugat that is made in the leaf to other parts of the plant. |
| epidermis | the outermost layer of the skin, also the outermost layer of cells covering roots, stems, leaves, and flowering parts. |
| root cap | a group of cells that protects the tip and produces a slimy substance that makes it easier for the root to grow through soil. |
| taproot | a type of root that consists of 1 main root that grows downward, with many smaller branch roots coming out of it. |
| fibrous root | a type of root in which there are several roots of the same size that spread out from the base of the stem. |
| stomata | openings in the epidermis and cuticle of a leaf that allow carbon dioxide to enter the leaf. |
| guard cells | open and close the stomata |
| pollination | the transfer of pollen to the female cone in conifers or the stigma of gymnosperms. |
| photosynthesis | the process by which green plants capture light energy from the sun and convert it into sugar. |
| chlorophyll | a green pigment in chloroplasts that absorbs light energy for photosynthesis. |
| chloroplasts | an organelle found in plant and algae cells where photosynthesis occurs. |
| glucose | energy used to make food molecules. |
| cuticle | a waxy layer that coats the surface of stems, leaves, and other plant parts exposed to air. |
| cell wall | a structure that surrounds the cell membrane of some cells and provides strength and support to the cell membrane. |
| spores | a small reproductive cell protected by a thick wall. |
| sporophyte | a stage in a plant life cycle during which spores are produced. |
| gametophyte | a stage in a plant life cycle during which egg and sperm are produced |
| fertilization | when a male sperm and a female egg joins together to make a seed (zygote). |
| sepal | the leaf like structures that cover and protect an immature flower. |
| petal | the often colorful structures on a flower that are usually involved in attracting pollinators |
| stamen | the male reproductive structure in a flower that consists of a filament topped by a polle-producing anther. |
| filament | a thin stalk |
| anther | saclike structures that produce pollen grains |
| pollen | the dustlike particles that carry the male gametophyte of seed plants. (sperm of plant) |
| pistil | the femal reproductive stuctures in a flower that consist of a stigma, a style, and an ovary. |
| stigma | the flower part that is located at the tip of the pistil -- pollen lands here. |
| style | part of the pistil that leads to the ovary. |
| ovules | contains the eggs of the flower, located in the ovary. |
| ovary | the structure containing ovules that will develop into fruit following fertilization -- contains ovules, base of pistil. |
| nectar | sweet and thick liquid gathered by bees. It is located in the blossoms, leaves, and stems. |
| perfect flower | a plant that has both a stamen and a pistil. |
| polygamous | a plant that has female, male, and perfect flowers on the same plant. |
