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Parker 8th Grade Science Final Vocab

AB
matteranything that has mass and takes up space
massa measure of how much matter and object contains
weightthe downward pull on an object due to gravity
volumea measure of the space matter occupies
atomthe smallest basic unit of matter
moleculetwo or more atoms bonded together
elementa substance that contains only a single type of atom
compounda substance tha consists of of two or more different types of atoms bonded together
mixturea combination of different substances that remain the same individual substance
states of matterthe different forms in which matter can exist
solida substance that has a fixed volume and fixed shape
liquida fixed volume but does not have a fixed shape
gasnot fixed volume or shape
positionthe location of an object
reference pointa location to which you can compare other locations
motionthe change of position over time
speeda measure of how fast something moves or the distance it moves in a given amount of time
velocitya speed in a specific direction
vectora quantity that has both size and direction
accelerationthe rate at which velocity changes with time
gravitythe force that objects exert on each other because of their masses
orbitthe elliptical path one body follows around another body due to the influence of ravity
frictiona force that resists the motion between two surfaces in contact
fluida substance that can flow easily
air resistancefriction due to air
pressurea measure of how much force is acting on a certain area
pascalthe unit for pressure
bouyant forcethe upward force on objects in fluid
Boutnoulli's Principlean increed in speed of the motion of a fluid decreases the pressure within the fluid
Pascal's principlewhen an outside pressure applied to any point to a fluid in a container that pressure is transmitted throught the fluid with equal strength
ForceA push or pull; something that changes in motion of an object
Net ForceThe overall force acting on an object when all of the forces on it are combined
Newton's First LawA law that states that an objects at rest remains at rest, and objects in motion remains in motion with the same velocity, unless acted on by an unbalanced force.
InertiaThe resistance of an object to change in the speed or the direction of its motion.
Newton's second LawA law that states that the acceleration of an object increases with increased force and decreases with increased.
Centripetal ForceAny force that keeps an object moving in a circle.
Newton's third LawA law that states that every time one object exerts a force on another object, the second object exerts a force that is equal in size and opposite in direction back on the first object.
workthe use of a force to move an object some distance
Joulethe unit for work
Kinetic energythe energy of motion
potential energystored energy
mechanical energythe energy possessed
powerthe rate at which you do work
wattthe unit of measurement for power
horsepowerthe amount of work a horse can do in a minute
work formulaforce*distance
gravitational potential energy formulamass*gravitational acceleration*height
Mechanical Energy formulaKinetic energy + Potential energy
kinetic energy formulamass*velocity*velocity/2
power formulawork/time
gravitya force exerted by masses
masses do what?attract each other
gravity does what?keeps object in order
Frictiona force tha topposes motion
friction occurs whensurfaces slide against each other
pressuredepends on force and area


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