| A | B |
|---|
| air | is made of molecules and gases and is everywhere |
| cloudy | when the sky is overcast and covered with clouds |
| air pressure | the weight in the air that pushes a force of exertion by molecules against an object |
| condensation | the process of water vapor in the air turning into liquid water. When water drops on the outside of a cold glass of water. This is the opposite process of evaporation.When warm air and cold air meet causing water vapor. |
| humidity | is the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere |
| troposphere | the lowest part of the earths atmosphere |
| atmosphere | The gases that surrounds the earth which are divided into layers.t |
| twister | a powerful tunnel-shaped, rotating column of air, which extends from the surface of the earth to a convective cloud. Also known as another term tornado |
| hurricane | a violent, whirling storm sustained winds of 74 miles per hour and usually with very heavy rain. This system has an eye at its center.Typhoon and cyclone are similar terms for this. |
| gale | a stong current of air with speeds from 25 to 75 miles per hour. |
| wind | the movement of air from area of high pressure to areas of low pressure. |
| melt | the changing of a solid state to its liquid state. |
| weather vane | an instrument that indicates the wind direction |
| flood | a condition when water overflows their natural or artificial banks. |
| moisture | water vapor content thats in the air |
| radar | a device used to detect distant objects and measure their range by how they scatter or reflect radio energy. A method of detecting distant objects and determining their position, velocity, or other characteristics by analysis of very high frequency radio waves reflected from their surfaces. |
| barometer | an instrument used to measure the wieght or air pressure in the atmosphere. |
| climate | the normal pattern conditions in a particular area over a long period of time. |
| temperature | a degree of hotness or coldness that can be measured.The measure of the heat energy of the gases in the air. |
| weather | the atmospheric conditions that occur in an area for a short period of time. |
| cloud | a large collection of tiny droplets of water or ice crystals |
| rain gauge | a tool used to measure the amount of rain that has fallen over a specific period of time |
| anemometer | an instrument that measures wind speed |
| exosphere | the outermost layer of the earths atmosphere where atmospheric pressure and temperature are low. |
| mesosphere | the atmospheric layer between the stratosphere and the ionosphere. Where auroras are found. |
| stratosphere | this is the ozone layer where the temperature is increased with altitude and by the absence of clouds. |
| thermosphere | this includes the exosphere and the ionosphere. It starts at the coldest part of the atmosphere and below outer space |
| relative humidity | is how much moisture is actually in the air |
| absolute humidity | it is the amount of moisture the air is capable of holding |
| precipitation | any moisture that falls to the ground including drizzle and rain, sleet, snow, and hail. |
| front | where cold air and warm air are transitioned within directions that differ in temperature or humidity. Cold air replaces warm and warm air replaces cold depending on the direction. |
| meteorology | the study of the weather |
| degree | a unit used to relate to temperature |
| blizzard | a mixture of wind and snow in a severe storm |
| thermometer | an instrument used to measure how hot or cold something is. |
| rain gauge | measures how much precipitation has fallen in a particular amount of time |
| heat exhaustion | typically occurs when people exercise heavily or work in a hot, humid place where body fluids are lost through heavy sweating. |
| sun | is the source of energy which drives the weather. All of the heat and light on Earth comes from this. |
| hygrometer | measures the amount of moisture in the air which also can measure the relative humidity of the atmosphere. |
| heat stroke | occurs when the body is exposed to an excessive amount of heat and becomes unable to dissipate the heat through sweating. |
| forecast | are made for three equi-probable categories of below-normal (dry conditions), near-normal (around the average), and above-normal (wet conditions). A probability is assigned to each category, indicating the chance of the particular category to occur during the target season. |
| drought | is when you have less rainfall than you expected over an extended period of time, usually several months or longer |
| windmill | a machine that runs on the energy generated by a wheel of adjustable blades or slats rotated by the wind. |
| tsunami | is a series of huge waves that happen after an undersea disturbance, such as an earthquake or volcano eruption. Japanese word for harbor wave. |
| cyclone | are large revolving tropical storms caused by winds blowing around a central area of low atmospheric pressure which causes the air to rise very rapidly and become saturated with moisture that condenses into large thunderclouds. In the Southern Hemisphere, these tropical storms rotate in a clockwise direction.This is the same term used for a hurricane and typhoon. |
| ozone | is a gas made up of three oxygen atoms (O3). It occurs naturally in small (trace) amounts in the upper atmosphere (the stratosphere). It protects life on Earth from the Sun’s ultraviolet (UV) radiation. In the lower atmosphere (the troposphere) near the Earth’s surface, it is created by chemical reactions between air pollutants from vehicle exhaust, gasoline vapors, and other emissions. At ground level, high concentrations of it are toxic to people and plants. |
| frost | is a solid deposition of water vapor from saturated air. It is formed when solid surfaces are cooled to below the dew point of the adjacent air. |
| evaporation | is the process by which water changes from a liquid to a gas or vapor. |
| erosion | the process in which a material is worn away by a stream of liquid (water) or air, often due to the presence of abrasive particles in the stream |
| hydrologic cycle | the cyclic transfer of water vapor from the Earth's surface via evapotranspiration into the atmosphere, from the atmosphere via precipitation back to earth, and through runoff into streams, rivers, and lakes, and ultimately into the oceans. |
