| A | B |
|---|
| Experimental Variables | the variable you change in an experiment |
| Control Variable | the variable you keep the same in an experiement |
| Independent Variable | a variable that you believe might influence another variable |
| Dependent Variable | a variable that you believe is influence by the independent variable |
| Hypothesis | the possible explanation that can be tested with an experiment |
| Theory | an explanation of how a process or event is thought to occur |
| stage | stage |
| revolving nose piece | revolving nose piece |
| homozygous | homozygous |
| length | a measurment of distance |
| volume | a measurement of the amount of space something occupies |
| mass | a measure of the amount of matter that makes up something |
| variables | the factor that affects how a system works |
| machine | any device that helps people do work |
| mechanical advantage | the number of times a machine multiplies the input force |
| efficiency | the ratio of a machine's output work to the input work |
| simple machines | the six machines on which all other mechanical machines are based |
| lever | a solid bar that rotates or turns around a fixed point |
| fulcrum | a fixed point |
| wheel and axle | a simple machine made of a wheel attached to a shaft or axle |
| pulley | a wheel with a grooved rim and a rope or cable that rides in the groove |
| inclined plane | a simple machine that is a sloping surface |
| wedge | a simple machine that has a thick end and a thin end |
| screw | a inclined plane wrapped around a cylinder or cone to form a spiral |
| compund machine | a machine that is made of two or more simple machines |
| nanotechnology | the science and technology of building electronic circuits from single atoms and molecules |
| robot | a machine that works automatically or by remote control |
| Force | A push or pull; something that changes in motion of an object |
| Net Force | The overall force acting on an object when all of the forces on it are combined |
| Newton's First Law | A law that states that an objects at rest remains at rest, and objects in motion remains in motion with the same velocity, unless acted on by an unbalanced force. |
| Inertia | The resistance of an object to change in the speed or the direction of its motion. |
| Newton's second Law | A law that states that the acceleration of an object increases with increased force and decreases with increased. |
| Centripetal Force | Any force that keeps an object moving in a circle. |
| Newton's third Law | A law that states that every time one object exerts a force on another object, the second object exerts a force that is equal in size and opposite in direction back on the first object. |
| motion | the change of position over time |
| position | an object's location |
| reference point | a location to which another location is compared |
| speed | a measure of how fast something moves through a particular distance over a definite time period |
| velocity | a speed in a specific direction |
| vector | a quantity that has both size and direction |
| acceleration | the rate at which velocity changes |
| speed formula | distance/time |
| matter | anything that has mass and takes up space |
| mass | a measure of how much matter and object contains |
| weight | the downward pull on an object due to gravity |
| volume | a measure of the space matter occupies |
| atom | the smallest basic unit of matter |
| molecule | two or more atoms bonded together |
| element | a substance that contains only a single type of atom |
| compound | a substance tha consists of of two or more different types of atoms bonded together |
| mixture | a combination of different substances that remain the same individual substance |
| states of matter | the different forms in which matter can exist |
| solid | a substance that has a fixed volume and fixed shape |
| liquid | a fixed volume but does not have a fixed shape |
| gas | not fixed volume or shape |
| position | the location of an object |
| reference point | a location to which you can compare other locations |
| motion | the change of position over time |
| speed | a measure of how fast something moves or the distance it moves in a given amount of time |
| velocity | a speed in a specific direction |
| vector | a quantity that has both size and direction |
| acceleration | the rate at which velocity changes with time |
| gravity | the force that objects exert on each other because of their masses |
| orbit | the elliptical path one body follows around another body due to the influence of ravity |
| friction | a force that resists the motion between two surfaces in contact |
| fluid | a substance that can flow easily |
| air resistance | friction due to air |
| pressure | a measure of how much force is acting on a certain area |
| pascal | the unit for pressure |
| bouyant force | the upward force on objects in fluid |
| Boutnoulli's Principle | an increed in speed of the motion of a fluid decreases the pressure within the fluid |
| Pascal's principle | when an outside pressure applied to any point to a fluid in a container that pressure is transmitted throught the fluid with equal strength |
| Force | A push or pull; something that changes in motion of an object |
| Net Force | The overall force acting on an object when all of the forces on it are combined |
| Newton's First Law | A law that states that an objects at rest remains at rest, and objects in motion remains in motion with the same velocity, unless acted on by an unbalanced force. |
| Inertia | The resistance of an object to change in the speed or the direction of its motion. |
| Newton's second Law | A law that states that the acceleration of an object increases with increased force and decreases with increased. |
| Centripetal Force | Any force that keeps an object moving in a circle. |
| Newton's third Law | A law that states that every time one object exerts a force on another object, the second object exerts a force that is equal in size and opposite in direction back on the first object. |
| work | the use of a force to move an object some distance |
| Joule | the unit for work |
| Kinetic energy | the energy of motion |
| potential energy | stored energy |
| mechanical energy | the energy possessed |
| power | the rate at which you do work |
| watt | the unit of measurement for power |
| horsepower | the amount of work a horse can do in a minute |
| work formula | force*distance |
| gravitational potential energy formula | mass*gravitational acceleration*height |
| Mechanical Energy formula | Kinetic energy + Potential energy |
| kinetic energy formula | mass*velocity*velocity/2 |
| power formula | work/time |
| gravity | a force exerted by masses |
| masses do what? | attract each other |
| gravity does what? | keeps object in order |
| Friction | a force tha topposes motion |
| friction occurs when | surfaces slide against each other |
| pressure | depends on force and area |
| mechanical advantage | output force/input force |
| efficiency | output work/input work * 100 |
| ideal mechanical advantage (for incline plane) | length of incline/height of incline |
| ideal mechanical advantage (for wheel and axle) | radius of input/radius of output |
| ideal mechanical advantage (for lever) | distance from ingut force to fulcrum/distance from output from fulcrum |
