| A | B |
| capital | money for use in investments |
| icon | sacred image used in worship |
| Ionic | column capital decorated with a scroll |
| fief | grant of land given to a vassal |
| hegira | Mohammed’s flight from Mecca to Medina in 622 AD |
| Doric | plain column capital |
| plebian | commoners in ancient Rome |
| satire | genre of literature originated by the Romans; uses cutting humor |
| caliph | successor to Mohammed |
| tribune | representative of the plebs who had veto power |
| vassal | one tied to an overlord by feudal obligations |
| apostles | disciples of a religious leader, particularly, followers of Christ |
| czar | title used by Russian rulers |
| boyar | Russian nobleman |
| Quaran | holy book of Islam |
| patriarch | heads of the Eastern Orthodox Church |
| Sharia | law based on the teachings of the Quran |
| Corinthian | type of column capital decorated with acanthus leaves |
| hajj | required trip to Mecca for an able-bodied Muslim |
| patrician | noblemen of ancient Rome |
| usury | practice of lending money at interest |
| serf | peasant tied to the land by feudal bonds |
| diocese | organizational unit used by Diocletian & later the Catholic Church |