| A | B |
| Scientific Method | approach to the study of the natural world |
| Law of Gravity | mathematical formula divised by Isaac Newton explaining the attraction of objects |
| Philosophe | french word meaning philosopher |
| free market | market in which goods are bought and sold without restrictions |
| physiocrat | philosophe who searched for natural laws to explain economics |
| salon | informal gathering in which writers, musicians, painters, and philosophes exchanged ideas |
| militarism | glorification of the military and readiness for war |
| autocracy | government in which the ruler has unlimited power |
| mir | village community where peasants were given land to farm on, which they paid for over a period of 49 years |
| zemstvo | local elected assembly created by the russian government under Alexander II |
| pogrom | violent raid on a jewish community, often conducted by government troops |
| autonomy | self government |
| suffrage | right to vote |
| coalition | temporary allaince between parties in government |
| direct primary | election in which voters select candidates for office |
| recall | vote that allows voters to remove elected officials from office |
| emigre | a person who flees his country for political reasons |
| lycee | government run shcool set up by Napoleon to develop knowledge and patriotism in children of the wealthy |
| nationalism | feeling of pride and devotion to ones country |
| guerrilla warfare | spansih word for little war; fighting comprised of hit and run attacks |