| A | B |
|---|
| 13th Amendment | abolished slavery |
| 14th Amendment | guaranteed civil rights to all citizens |
| 15th Amendment | guaranteed voting rights for blacks |
| Ku Klux Klan | white supremecists, carried out lynchings in south |
| segregation | separation of the races |
| integration | to do away with segregation |
| desegration | to integrate |
| defacto segregation | segregation by custom and practice rather than by law |
| Civil Rights Movement | the movement for equality for African Americans in the 50s and 60s |
| literacy test | tests of reading and writing ability that African Americans needed to take in order to vote |
| Montgomery Bus Boycott | led by Martin Luther King, this event resulted in the desegregation of city buses |
| civil disobedience | refusing to obey unjust laws |
| Dwight Eisenhower | as President, he ordered federal troops to protect the 9 black students at Central High |
| music | the "glue" that kept the Civil Rights movement together |
| Brown vs. Board of Education | 1954 Supreme Court case which declared segregation unconstitutional |
| boycott | a refusal to buy something as a protest |
| march | a demonstration where people walk together to make a point about justice |
| Jackie Robinson | he broke the color bar in professional baseball in 1947 |
| Thurgood Marshall | NAACP lawyer who won the Brown case in 1954 |
| black codes | southern state laws which limited the citizenship rights of African Americans |
| Jim Crow laws | nickname for laws which limited the rights and freedom of African Americans |
| Plessy vs. Ferguson | in this case the Supreme Court ruled that segregation was legal |
| civil rights | the rights of all citizens |
| poll tax | money a person must pay to vote |
| prejudice | an unfair opinion formed without facts |
| Little Rock Arkansas | Eisenhower sent federal troops to desegrate Central High School |
| Rosa Parks | her efforts resulted in the integration of city buses in Montgomery, Alabama |
| Martin Luther King | at the age of 26, he became the national leader of the Civil Rights movement |
| Orval Faubus | governer of Arkansas, he called out the state's National Guard to keep the black students out of Central High |
| NAACP | National Association for the Advancement of Colored People |
| Earl Warren | Chief Justice of the Supreme Court in the 1954 Brown case |
| sit in | peacefully occupying a specific space for an extended time to draw attention to an injustice |
| demonstration | a meeting or march by a large group to show others how they feel about a particular problem(example:lunch counter sit down strike) (variations- wade-in, read-in, walk-in, kneel-in) |
| Harry Truman | his Presidential orders desegregated the U.S. military |
| March on Washington | in 1963, 200,000 demonstrated for equal rights and justice in our nation's capital |
| color bar | to prevent or keep blacks from participating in organizations or activities |
