| A | B |
|---|
| gene | A segment of DNA on a chromosome that codes for a specific trait. |
| trait | A characteristic that an organism can pass on to its offspring through its genes. |
| heredity | The passing of traits from parents to offspring. |
| allele | The different forms of a gene. |
| genetics | The scientific study of heredity. |
| punnett square | A chart that shows all the possible combinations of alleles that can result from a genetic cross. |
| heterozygous | Having two different alleles for a trait. |
| homozygous | Having two identical alleles for a trait. |
| meiosis | The process that occurs in sex cells (sperm & egg) by which the number of chromosomes is reduced by half. |
| transfer RNA | RNA in the cytoplasm that carries an amino acid to the ribosomes and adds it to the growing protein chain. |
| messenger RNA | RNA that copies the coded message from DNA in the nucleus and carries the message into the cytopasm. |
