| A | B |
|---|
| Missouri Compromise | Maine a free state, Missouri a slave state; created the 36 30 parallel |
| Compromise of 1850 | admitted California as a free state; enacted a strict Fugitive Slave law |
| Kansas-Nebraska Act | the residents voted on whether to be a free or slave state; resulted in "Bleeding Kansas" |
| popular sovereignty | the right of the people to choose |
| Dred Scott v. Sanford | the Supreme Court ruled "slaves are property, not citizens" |
| Election of 1860 | Abraham Lincoln was elected the President of the United causing Southern secession |
| secede | to withdraw from the Union |
| suspension of the writ of habeas corpus | to take away one's rights during time of crisis |
| Reconstruction | the rebuilding of the nation after the Civil War |
| Ten Percent Plan | Lincoln's attempt to easily admit Southern seceded states back into the Union |
| Radical Republican Plan | the harsh plan requiring martial law in Southern states until they agreed to all Union requests |
| Scalawags | a derogatory term for Southerners who were working with the North to buy up land from desperate Southerners |
| Carpetbaggers | a derogatory term applied to Northerners who migrated south during the Reconstruction |
| Black codes | literacy tests, Grandfather Clause, poll taxes |
| Jim Crow laws | laws that segregate the races |
| Plessy v. Ferguson | a Supreme Court case that established "separate but equal" is legal |
| sharecropping | the new way to force black farmers to depend on white land owners |
| Freedmen's Bureau | a federal agency to assist ex-slaves assimilate into American society |
| Homestead Act | free land to those who settle it in the West |
| Dawes Act | required Native Americans to lose their tribal culture and assimilate into American society |
| Manifest Destiny | the idea that the United States is destined to obtain all the land from the Atlantic to the Pacific Oceans |
| Seneca Fall Convention | in 1848 Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Lucretia Mott presented the Declaration of Rights and Sentiments stating women should be able to vote |
| Abolitionists | Frederick Douglass, Harriet Tubman, and William Lloyd Garrison's efforts to abolish slavery |
| Emancipation Proclamation | Lincoln's order to free the slaves in the rebel states in an effort to help the Union win the Civil War |
| 13th, 14th, 15th Amendments | these are known as the Civil War amendments |
