| A | B |
|---|
| Absolute Monarch | A ruler who has complete authority overgovernment and the lives of the people and claims this authority is given by God. |
| Divine Right | The belief that authority to rule comes directly from God. |
| Balance of Power | A distribution of military and economic strength that prevents any one nation from dominating. |
| Limited Monarchy | Government in which a constitution or legislative body has equal or more power than that of a king or queen. |
| habeas corpus | Principle stating that a person cannot beheld in prison without being charged with a crime. |
| Richelieu | French cardinal and political advisor who strengthened the central government by destroying the power of the nobles. |
| James I | First Stuart king of England. |
| Maria Theresa | First woman to rule the Hapsburg lands |
| Catherine the Great | Empress of Russia who began state supported education for boys and girls and obtained a warm water port on the Black Sea. |
| Czar | Term meaning Russian emperor. |
| Elizabeth I | The death of this absolute monarch caused the rise of the Stuart royal family in England. |
| Cavaliers | Followers of King Charles I |
| Roundheads | Followers of Oliver Cromwell |
| Hapsburgs | Ruling Austrian family of the Holy Roman Empire |
| Fronde | Armed bands of men in France terrorizing parts of France in order to maintain certain liberties |
| Peace of Westphalia | Ended Thirty Years War |
| Thirty Years War | European War between Protestant and Catholic States |
| Peter the Great | 7 foot tall Czar of Russia that modernized and expanded Russia |
| Catherine the Great | Great ruler of Russia that reorganized government, codified law, and sponsored education for boys and girls |
| Phillip II | Great Catholic King of Spain |
